Enzymes and temperature

What happens to molecules when temperature increases?

The vibrate faster due to an increase in kinetic energy

What are the 4 points about how enzymes denature ?

1. Weak bond like hydrogen and ionic bonds break

2. These bonds are responsible for holding the tertiary structure in place

3. Active site changes due to bonds being broken

4. Enzymes stop working - they denature

What is temperature coefficient (Q10)?

The measure of how much the rate of a reaction increases with each 10oc rise in temperature

What is the typical temperature coefficient (Q10) for enzymes?

The rate of reaction doubles for each 10oc increase until the enzyme denatures

What are 5 points about what happens when substrate concentration increases?

• As concentration of substrate increases , collisions between enzyme and substrate happen more often

• More substrate-enzyme complexes form

• More products form so rate of reaction increases

• If substrate concentration increases even more , it will soon reach a maximum value of rate of reaction (a plateau/ flat line on the graph )

• This is because all enzymes will have have formed enzyme-substrate complexes , so all active site are occupied , and the enzyme- substrate products will be formed .

What’s are 2 points about optimum temperature for enzymes?

1. Depends on the enzyme (all have different optimum temperatures )

2. The temperature that gives the maximum rate of reaction