CPP LAB [DEF TERMS]

Endometriosis

A condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, leading to pain, irregular bleeding, and potential fertility issues.

Menorrhagia

Excessive menstrual bleeding, either in volume or duration, that interferes with a woman's physical, emotional, and social quality of life.

Dysmenorrhea

►Severe and frequent menstrual cramps
► pain during menstruation.

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

A group of symptoms, including mood swings, tender breasts, food cravings, fatigue, irritability, and depression, occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

Sequential Hormone Therapy

A regimen where estrogen is taken continuously, and progestogen is added sequentially to induce regular withdrawal bleeding.

Continuous-Combined Hormone Therapy

A regimen where both estrogen and progestogen are taken daily without interruption, leading to the absence of withdrawal bleeding.

Cyclic Withdrawal

A hormone therapy approach where hormones are administered cyclically, allowing for regular withdrawal bleeding.

Continuous-Pulsed Hormone Therapy

A method involving continuous estrogen with intermittent progestogen, leading to irregular bleeding patterns.

Pituitary Gland

A small gland at the base of the brain that produces hormones regulating various bodily functions, including growth , reproduction, and metabolism

Hypothalamus

A region of the brain that controls the pituitary gland and regulates bodily functions such as temperature, hunger, and hormonal balance.

Corpus Luteum

A temporary endocrine structure in the ovary that produces progesterone after ovulation, supporting early pregnancy.

Follicular Cell

Cells surrounding the ovarian follicle that support oocyte development and produce hormones like estrogen.

Follicular Phase

► first phase of the menstrual cycle
► starting from menstruation to ovulation
►characterized by follicle growth and estrogen production.

Luteal Phase

The second phase of the menstrual cycle, following ovulation, where the corpus luteum produces progesterone to prepare the endometrium for potential implantation.

Proliferative Phase

The phase of the endometrial cycle where the uterine lining regenerates and thickens under estrogen influence, occurring before ovulation.

Secretory Phase

The phase following ovulation where the endometrium becomes more glandular and vascular under progesterone influence, preparing for potential embryo implantation.

Estradiol

A potent form of estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries, playing a crucial role in reproductive and other bodily functions.

Ethinyl Estradiol

A synthetic form of estrogen commonly used in oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy.

Conjugated Equine Estrogen

A mixture of estrogen hormones derived from the urine of pregnant mares, used in hormone replacement therapy.

Nonoral Estrogens

Estrogen therapies administered through routes other than oral ingestion, such as transdermal patches, vaginal rings, or injections.

Hysterectomy

A surgical procedure to remove the uterus.

Endometriosis

A condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain, heavy periods, and sometimes fertility problems.

Pelvic Inflammation

Inflammation of the pelvic organs, often referring to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), typically caused by infection.

Urine Pregnancy Test (UPT)

A test that detects the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone in urine to determine pregnancy.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that
►stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in women and spermatogenesis in men.