U8 pt2

list psychological therapies

Psychotherapy, Psychoanalysis, Client-centered therapy (Humanist), Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy, and Group and Family Therapy

confiding interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties

psychotherapy

Applies how we learn to try to eliminate unwanted behaviors, Tries to replace fearful thoughts/behaviors with relaxing thoughts/actions

behavior therapy

behavior therapy is based on _____________ - associate 2 things that occur, You can learn fear; but is also uses ___________ - teaches you to associate new responses to things that used to bring you fear

classical conditioning, counterconditioning

list the tools used in behavior therapy

systematic desensitization, exposure therapy, and aversion therapy

used in behavior therapy, calming exercise to do when faced with anxiety

systematic desensitization

used in behavior therapy, expose people to the thing they fear, very gradually (hierarchy), Alternating pattern of exposure and desensitization

exposure therapy

Ex: Linda has a phobia of rats. Her therapist has her look at pictures of rats and use systematic desensitization (calm breathing) to stay relaxed. Then she looks at a caged rat from 20 feet away. Use systematic desensitization (listen to favorite song) to stay relaxed. Then 10 feet away, use systematic desensitization (eat fav candy). Then the rat is brought out of the cage and placed on a table in front of Linda, use systematic desensitization (calm breathing). Finally, Linda has to pet the rat and hold it.

exposure therapy and systematic desensitization

Associate unwanted behavior with unpleasant response (opposite of systematic desensitization), Used as one part in larger behavioral treatment

aversion therapy

Ex: putting something bad tasting on child's thumb, so when they try to suck it, it tastes bad

aversion therapy

Disorder characterized by emotional extremes

mood disorders

list mood disorders

Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder

When signs of depression last more than 2 weeks without any notable causes, Signs of depression: laziness, feeling of worthlessness, loss of interest in friends/hobbies

major depressive disorder

under major depressive disorder, depression only in certain seasons

seasonal affective disorder

Personal alternates between hopelessness of depression and overexcited state of mania, Manic phase (episode) — emotional extreme of hyperactivity, wildly optimistic

bipolar disorder

bipolar disorder used to be called

manic depressive disorder

Teaches people new, more positive ways of thinking, Based on idea that our thoughts influence how we understand events and our emotional reactions to events

cognitive therapy

Ex: people with depression usually have negative thoughts of loss, rejection, and abandonment. This type of therapy helps patients discover their irrationalities and be more positive about their life

cognitive therapy

Tries to change the way people act and the way they think, Makes people aware of their negative thinking patterns and practices more positive ways of approaching everyday settings

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

Disorders due to psychological factors instead of physical factors, "It's all in your head"

somatic symptom disorder

under somatic symptom disorder, very specific physical experiences but for no biological reason, Ex: Arm goes numb, but symptoms not consistent with medical cause

conversion disorder

under somatic symptom disorder, obsessive worry that you will get an illness, interpret normal pains as drastic things wrong

illness anxiety disorder (hypochondria)

Consciousness awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings; When life is stressful, people separate themselves with it

dissociative disorders

under dissociative disorders, people forget past, traumatic events

dissociative amnesia

Person exhibits 2 or more distinct personalities and alternates between them

dissociative identity disorder

dissociative identity disorder used to be called

multiple personality disorder

Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

personality disorders

list types of personality disorders

narcissistic personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder

people who exaggerate their own importance, very hard to accept criticism

narcissistic personality disorder

antisocial personality disorder used to be called

psychopath, sociopath

Person exhibits lack of concern for wrongdoing, even toward friends/family, Can be aggressive, ruthless, clever con artist, and Usually men

antisocial personality disorder

psychoanalysis is based on

Sigmund Freud

Based on belief: neurosis (anxiety problems) caused by unconscious conflicts, Therapist tries to access unconscious, interprets these to help patient gain self-insight

psychoanalysis

list psychoanalysis techniques

free association and dream analysis

under psychoanalysis, share thoughts & feelings without censoring

free association

under psychoanalysis, dreams are symbolic of unconscious conflicts

dream analysis

list the problems with psychoanalysis

resistance and transference

under psychoanalysis, patients unconsciously hurt therapy progress because they don't want to deal with their anxiety

resistance

under psychoanalysis, patient transfers personal relationship onto psychologist, Ex: think of them like the brother they unconsciously hate

transference

Humanism: Client-Centered Therapy is based on

Carl Rogers

Incongruence between person's self-concept and reality, Leads people to use defense mechanisms, which can cause anxiety & depression

Humanism: Client-Centered Therapy

Therapy is supportive, emotional environment, driven by patient, Help patients realize they don't need others approval, should respect own feelings, Therapist is genuine, nonjudgmental (unconditional positive regard), and empathetic, Job of therapist is to clarify, use active listening, Ex: "so, it sounds like you are frustrated, tell me more"

Humanism: Client-Centered Therapy