Good and Evil 5 markers

describe the two common types of morality

• first type of morality is Absoloute morality, this is when a person holds a moral principle for instance it is wrong to kill, and that person doesnt alter or deviate from this belief. The will apply this principle to all scenarios equally.

• Second type of morality is when a person holds a moral principle but is prepared to adjust how view depending of the situation. For instance they may say it is wrong to kill unless in a position of self defence.

With reference to a religion describe views about use of the dealth penalty

• With in the christian faith views on dealth penalty vary.

• For liberal christians, they may believe in following in the example of jesus, forgive those who wrong, aswell as help reform sinners instead of judging. “forgive them father, for they know not what they do”

• Infact the Qakers actively oppose the death penalty as they believe life is a reflection of God and so is owrthy of respect.

• Some Conservative christians beleive that the OT teachings should be followed and d.p should be conserved for serious crimes.

• many catholics dont ecourage it yet believe most important to keep society safe

describe why some religious believers may support the death penalty

• for many conservative christians they believe that the OT should be followed and that the death penalty must similarly be used for serious crimes. Infact the OT names 36 offences worthy of d.p.

• Definitive and perminant method of keep society safe from criminals. And guaranties people dont reoffend

• Some crimes are so heinous that d.p is necassary

• Acts as a deterrant

• Exodus - “an eye for an eye”

giving examples difference between crime and sin

• A crime is an unlawful act . but a Sin is the deliberate act of braking God’s law.

• Also it is punishable by god but crimes as punsiable by the state

• Also not all sins are crimes, for instance pride. So often no legal consequences when sins committed

• Crimes are punished by inprisonment fines or maybe death penalty but sins punished by seperation from god.

Describe two aims of punishment

• The firstly an aim of punishment is protection, the purpose is to prevent people becoming victims of crime. Criminals for instance will be removed from society and may be imprisoned or even receive a death penalty. This removes people from being able to reoffend. Could also protect the criminal from themself.

• Secondly Reformation is an aim of punishment. It’s aim is to try and address the reasons for the criminal acting in that way. this may include education , therepy or counselling. The end result is intended for the offender to be able to reintergrate into society with out committing crime.

describe 2 causes of crime

• one cause of crime is financial motivation. Crime can be caused by poverty , when people need more money and goods to survive, or due to greed. Furthermore, crime can be caused for addication which ultimately requires funding.

• Crime can also be caused by peer pressure, could potentially encourage a person to join others in crime, for instance becoming gang affiliated. The media can also influence people into comitting crime by glorifying

Describe the work of prison reformers

• set out to improve the prison system making it more humane

• prison reformers may support and campaign for education programmes for prisoners. Aswell as training for work

• Elizabeth Fry for instance taught female prisoners to read and sew and basic hygine.

• she also campaigned for better living conditions such as male and female prisoners being seperated as well as female guards for female prisoners

• they may support and campaign for drug rehabilitation programmes.

Describe what religions believe to be a wrong

• any act or behaviour which contradicts moral religious or ethical codes. it is a relative term.

• Could potentially go against the law

• It could be something which brings upset or suffering to someone

• Due to it being a relative term, people’s beliefs around what is wrong varies, for many religious believers a wrong doing depends on the situation - relative morality

Describe the work of prison chaplains

• A chaplain is a member of the clergy or other religious group attached to a private institution, such as a prison or hospitol

• A chaplain will provide couselling to inmates - supporting them through their rehabillitation

• chaplains help prisoners deal with complex mix of emotions

• Allows religion in prisons

• Often work with the families of inmates perhaps to resolve issues with loved ones affected by prisoner

• arrange prisoners attendance at family funeral.