PCT Exam

Extra Protective Cream

Apply to buttocks, provides protection for incontinence.

Moisture Barrier Ointmemt

Not for buttocks, extra moisturizer, works well on lower extremities.

Moisturizer/Lotion

Appropriate for skin on entire body, helps prevent skin tears.

5 Moments of Hand Hygiene

1) Before touching patient and their surroundings.

2) Before an aseptic task.

3) After contact with bodily fluids.

4) After touching patient.

5) After touching patient surroundings.

Donning

1) Gown.

2) Mask.

3) Goggles.

4) Gloves.

Doffing

1) Gloves.

2) Gown.

3) Goggles.

4) Mask.

Where should CHG treatment not be used?

The patients face.

What is the anatomical term for highlighted box?

Lateral

What is the anatomical term or for highlighted boxes?

Distal

What is the anatomical term for the highlighted box?

Inferior

What is the anatomical term for the highlighted box?

Superior

What is the anatomical term for the highlighted box?

Posterior

Hypotension

Low blood pressure.

BRP

Bathroom privileges.

BM

Bowel movement.

AC

Before meals.

QID

Four times a day.

Anemia

Without/low red blood cells.

How often does the PSA document when sitting?

Every 15 minutes.

When a suicidal patient is using the bathroom and asks for privacy what do you say?

Explain that for their safety they need to be within arms reach.

How often should you check on a patient with nonviolent restraints?

After the initial 15 minutes every 2 hours.

What does evening care consist of?

Toileting, oral care, fresh water, warm blanket.

What are the most common areas for pressure injuries?

Coccyx, hips, heels, ankles, elbows, scapula, back of head/ears/nostrils.

When are all four side being up not considered a restraint?

Seizure precautions, waking up from anesthesia, specialty bed, moving patient, direct care.

When are lock limb restraints used?

Only psychiatric and ED have access. Violent patients only. Security get involved.

Mittens

Only a restraint when used with another device. Covers patients hands while still allowing some airflow.

Wrap belt

Considered a restraint when patient is incapable of undoing the device. (Velcro is in the back) Patient has to demonstrate they can undo it for it to be an alternative.

Roll belt

Restraint when patient can't get undone. Connects to bedframe.

Freedom splint restraint

Always a restraint! Stops patient from pulling out tubes, picking at incisions, etc.

Soft limb

Goes around wrists and/or ankles. Connects to bedframe and requires a bed alarm. Looks like handcuffs.

How often do sitters need to document?

Every 15 minutes.

If someone's respiratory rate is <12, what would that be?

Bradypnea

What is the normal respiratory rate to adults?

12-20 breaths per minute

What is a good position for patients in respiratory distress to go in?

Tripoding

What needs to be done before diabetic patients eat?

Check blood glucose

BG >200

Hyperglycemia

BG <70

Hypoglycemia

Polyuria, hunger, thirstiness, blurry vision, and sleeping are signs of what?

Hyperglycemia

Sweating, dizziness, anxiety, weak, and headaches are symptoms of what?

Hypoglycemia

What is a piece of equipment is used for patients who have a hard time breathing? (Breathing treatments)

Incentive spirometer

What does B in BEFAST stand for?

Balance

What does the E in BEFAST stand for?

Eyesight

What does the F in BEFAST stand for?

Face

What does the A in BEFAST stand for?

Arm

What does the S in BEFAST stand for?

Speech

What does the T in BEFAST stand for?

Time

Why are stroke/seizure patients NPO until they get their swallow/dysphagia screen?

They could aspirate.

How often should high risk stroke patients get their vitals taken?

Q4

Acute pain

Short duration, occurs quickly.

Chronic pain

Ongoing and constant.

Cancer pain

Due to tumor invasion/progression or treatment. (Acute or prolonged)

Phantom pain

Occurs after amputation.

Ischemic

Clot

Hemorrahgic

Bleed

Transient ischemic attacks (TIA)

Warning "mini stroke".

Tenecteplase (TNK)

The "clot busting drug".

Hemiplegia

Paralysis of one side of the body.

Paraplegia

Paralysis of lower extremities.

Quadriplegia

Paralysis of all four extremities.

When transferring a patient what side do you use?

The strong side.

Delirium

Acute change in mental status due to a reversible medical condition.

Dementia

Chronic disorder, rarely reversible.

Tonic phase

Muscles stiffen, personal loses consciousness and falls to the floor.

Clonic phase

Muscles contract and relax, jerking and shaking movements occur, incontinence may occur.

Absence seizure

Staring and rapid breathing.

Focal (partial) seizures

Body parts may twitch or have sensation changes.

When a patient asks us to grab something out of their purse, what do we do?

Hand them the whole purse.

What is very important when communicating with a patient experiencing psychosis?

Redirect them! Don't argue.

What does CAUTI stand for?

Catheter associated urinary tract infection.

Dysuria

Painful urination.

Hematuria

Blood in urine.

Nocturia

Increased urination at night.

Oliguria

Low urine volume.

Anuria

No urine production.

What is the B.R.A.T. diet?

Bananas, rice, applesauce, toast.

Colostomy

Portion of colon is brought to the abdominal wall, creating a stoma. (For stool)

Urostomy

Bringing ureters to outside of body to create a stoma. (For urine)

What is used for suctioning stomach contents and/or delivering nutrition, water, and medicine?

Nasogastric tube

When should an ostomy bag be emptied?

When it is 1/3 full.

If turning a patient with a feeding tube, what needs to be done first?

Ask the nurse to pause the feed.

What is important when bathing a patient with a cast?

Don't get it wet!

To communicate with a patient who is hearing impaired what should you do?

Use a whiteboard, assist with hearing aids, and get an interpreter.

Now often do you do catheter care for a patient?

Q8 and as needed.

How often do you do oral care on unconscious patients?

Q2

When putting a gaitbelt on a patient how should the tag be facing?

Outwards

If someone is pregnant or has drains, where do you place the gaitbelt?

Above breasts or low hips.

How often do you do hourly rounding on night shift?

Q2

Do you wake a patient when needing to get vitals?

No!