8 - human factors

explain four types of hypoxia

• Hypoxic - condition that interrupts flow of O2 to the lungs, encountered at altitude due to reduction of partial pressure of O2

• Hypemic - condition interfering with ability of blood to carry O2 (ex anemia, bleeding, CO poisoning, smoking)

• Stagnant - interfering with blood circulation (ex. heat failure, shock, +G forces)

• Histotoxic - interferes with utilization of O2 in cells (ex. alcohol, drugs, cyanide)

optical illusions leading to landing errors (3 physical, 3 meteorological)

• runway width illusion - narrower than usual, aircraft seems higher; wider than usual, aircraft seems lower

• runway slopes - upsloping, aircraft seems higher; downsloping seems lower

• featureless terrain - absence of ground features when landing over water and darkened areas make plane seem higher

• water refraction (rain) - create illusion of being higher

• haze - seem to be farther than actual

• fog - illusion of pitching up

restrictions regarding alcohol and drugs

cannot fly

• within 8 hours after alcohol consumption

• while under influence

• while using any drugs affecting persons facilities

• have an alcohol concentration of .04 percent or more

can you fly someone under the influence

No, unless its an emergency

5P model to asses risk factors

1. Plan - weather, route, NOTAMs, fuel

2. Plane - condition, currency, backups

3. Pilot - Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, Eating (IMSAFE)

4. Passengers - pilots/not, nervous/quiet, experience/new, etc

5. Programming - anticipate plan, frequencies, etc

PAVE risk assessment checklist

PIC - health, currency

Aircraft - airworthiness, performance

enViornment - weather, terrain, airports

External pressures - get there itis, impress