Chapter 5 Section 2

Photosynthesis Equation

Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight = Sugar + Oxygen

Three Stages of Photosynthesis

1. Light is captured from sunlight

2. Light energy is converted to chemical energy (stored in ATP & NADPH)

3. Energy in ATP & NADPH make organic compounds.

1. Chlorophyll "a"

2. Chlorophyll "b"

1. Captures red wavelengths

2. Captures blue wavelengths

Chain 1 and Chain 2 Products

1. ATP

2. NADPH

C-C-C-C-C-C (Carbon Fixation)

C-C-C (starch, sucrose) C-C-C (used again in Calvin Cycle)

Stage 1 Summary Stage 2 Summary Stage 3 Summary

1. Absorption of Light

2. Conversion of Light

3. Storage of Energy

Thylakoid

Contains Chlorophyll Disk in Granum

Stage 1 and 2

Light Dependent Reactions

Stage 3

Light Independent (Calvin Cycle)

Calvin Cycle

A series of enzyme assisted chemical reactions that convert CO2 and hydrogen-carrier compounds into glucose.

Increases Rate of Photosynthesis

Increase Light Intensity

Granum

Stack of Thylakoids

"Excited" Chlorophyll Splits

Water Molecules

Splitting H2O

H20 -> O2 + H+ + energized electrons

Stage 1 Used Stage 2 Used Stage 3 Used

1. Light, Water

2. Electrons, Hydrogen ions

3. ATP, NADPH, CO2

How is oxygen produced?

When sunlight excites the electrons and splits the water

Stroma

Gel-like fluid/matrix (protein rich)

Light Independent Reactions

Reactions happen whether light is present or not

Light Dependent Reactions

Reactions happen when light is present

Stage 1 Produced Stage 2 Produced Stage 3 Produced

1. Oxygen, Hydrogen ions

2. ATP, NADPH

3. Organic Compounds

Light Dependent Reactions Located

Thylakoid

Light Independent Reactions Located

Stroma

Stage 1 Operations

Electrons pass through protein and lose energy to pump H+ into thylakoid helps ADP + P -> ATP

Stage 2 Operations

Provides energy to make NADPH