Biodiversity

Biodiversity

the variety of all living things found on earth found in a particular region or ecosystem

Species

A group of living organisms that share similar genetic and physical characteristics and can interbreed

Variation

Difference within or between species due to genetic or environmental features

Ecosystem

The organisms and the physical environment they interact with in a certain area

Abiotic

Non-living things

Biotic

living things

Abiotic or Biotic ➡️ Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen

Abiotic

Abiotic or Biotic ➡️ Fish and bacteria

Biotic

Why is biodiversity important?

All organisms in an ecosystem depend on each toerh to survive. If one species disappears, over time if would affect all the other species and organisms

what are some ways that humans affect biodiversity?

- Hunting

- overuse of natural resources

- pollution

What is an invasive species?

An introduced organisms that becomes overpopulated and harms its new environment

Traits

Characteristics or features of organism

ex. colour of fur, type of feather

Variation among species

difference in traits between species

ex. humans have 2 legs while dogs have 4

Variation within a species

difference in traits within the same species

Ex. a male bird is more colorful than a female bird

Speciation

when one species evolves into a similar yet different species over time (usually more than 100 years)

five factors that affect speciation

- Temporal

- Behavioral

- Geographical

- Reproductive

- Ecological

What is the temporal factor?

different timings; reproduce at different times of the day

What is the behavioral factor?

The presence or absence of behavior

What is the geographic factor?

separated habitats; when species become separated by geographic factors such as rivers and mountains

What is the reproductive factor?

Inability to breed again; when interbreeding results in a sterile

What is the Ecological factor?

Different habitat preferences

What are the two types of adaptations?

Structural and behavioral adaptations

structural adaptation

inherited physical features an organism possesses to help it survive

behavioral adaptation

A characteristic behavior that helps anyone organism survive

Diversity Index

quantitative measure of the biological Diversity of an area

compares diversity diversity to species in an area with the total number of organisms

0 __ 1 __

low, high

Niche

describes the habitat and the species role within that habitat

Specialization

Adaptations for surviving in very specific environments

Narrow Niche (Specialist)

a highly specialized role or characteristic activity undertaken by an organism in an ecosystem

Broad Niche (Generalist)

the role or characteristic activities filled by a generalist

Narrow or Broad ➡️ swift fox lives on only one food

Narrow

Nrrow or Broad ➡️ dandelions can survive in many different parts of the world

Broad

Symbiosis

A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.

what's are the three different types of symbiosis?

Mutualism

Commensalism

Parasitism

Mutualism

both organisms benefit

Commensalism

one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Parasitism

One organism benefits and the other is harmed

Do generalists or specialists have broad niche?

Generalists

Do generalists or specialists have narrow niche?

Specialists