HBS 2.1.5-2.1.7

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12 Terms

1

Excitatory Transmitters

Chemicals that continue the action potential by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic cell and allowing positive ions to flow into the cell.

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2

Inhibitory Transmitters

Chemicals that decrease the likelihood of the action potential in the receiving neuron by causing negative ions to flow into the cell.

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3

Neuromodulators

Chemicals that influence how neurons communicate but do not directly trigger or inhibit action potentials.

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4

Agonist

A drug that binds to a receptor and activates it, mimicking the action of the natural neurotransmitter.

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5

Inverse Agonist

A drug that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but produces the opposite effect of the natural receptor.

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6

Antagonist

A drug that binds to a receptor without activating it, blocking the natural action.

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7

Reuptake Inhibitor

A drug that blocks the reabsorption (reuptake) of neurotransmitters.

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8

Reflex

An autonomic response to a stimulus that does not reach the level of consciousness.

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9

Reaction

A thoughtful response to external stimuli where the brain processes the nerve impulse before reacting.

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10

Complex Brain Processes

Most actions, apart from simple reflexes, involve significant brain activity.

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11

Postsynaptic Cell

The neuron receiving the signal from another neuron through synaptic transmission.

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12

Knee-Jerk Reflex

An involuntary response that happens automatically when the knee is tapped.

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