PBS STUDY GUIDE

You do not need to memorize this, but be familiar with the information

1. What causes death?
   
   

2. What clues may be found at a scene of a mysterious death that may be help to determine the cause of death?
   
   

3. If someone was interested in a career with responsibility to determine the cause of death, what careers should they consider or investigate? *Think back out our career journals.
   
   
   
   
   
   

1. What are chromosome made of?
   
   
   

2. What is the relationship between chromosomes, DNA and genes?
   
   
   

3. What is DNA?
   
   
   
   

4. Does every cell in an organism have the same DNA?
   
   
   

5. How do scientist isolate DNA to study it?
   
   
   

6. How much DNA is in a single human cell?
   
   

1. What is an autopsy and how can it be used to determine the cause of death?
   
   

2. Why is confidentiality of patient information important? Who should keep patient information confidential?
   
   
   

3. Is there ever a time when patient confidentiality should be broken?
   
   
   

1. How do cells get the oxygen they need for energy production?
   
   

2. What do normal red blood cells look like when placed under a microscope?
   
   

Chromosomes

1. How does someone get sickle cell disease?
   
   
   

2. Can sickle cell disease spread from one person to another the same way as a cold or the flu?
   
   

3. How are diseases inherited from parents? Why does sickle cell disease run in families, yet is not present in every generation?
   
   
   
   

4. What are examples of human diseases that are inherited?
   
   
   

5. What is a chromosome? What many chromosomes do human normally have?
   
   
   

Inheritance

1. How are pedigrees used to track diseases?
   
   
   

2. How can doctors and genetic counselors calculate the probability of a child inheriting a disease?
   
   
   

Heart Structure

1. Why is the heart considered a pump?
   
   
   

2. What are the structures that make up a human heart?
   

3. How are these structures organized? *Label a heart diagram
   
   
   
   
   

4. What is the pathway that blood take as it passes through the heart?
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

5. What is meant by the term tissue? And who studies tissues?
   
   
   
   
   

6. What are the different types of cardiac tissue and how do they differ?

7. What is the general composition of human blood?
   
   
   

8. Why is blood classified as a tissue?
   
   
   

9. What are characteristic and functions of red blood cells?
   
   
   

10. What are the characteristics and function of white blood cells?
    
    
    

11. What are the characteristics and function of platelets?
    
    
    

12. In what ways does blood directly relate to other human body tissues and systems? *Respiratory, immune, digestive, urinary and endocrine
    
    
    

13. Why are most cells so small?
    
    
    
    

The Heart at Work

1. In what ways can technology be used to collect and analyze cardiovascular data?

2. What is an EKG? Who can an EKG be used in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease?
   
   
   

3. What is the pathway of electrical signals in the heart?
   
   
   
   

4. Be able to identify the waves on an EKG.
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

5. What factors can influence heart rate? *Lower and raise
   
   
   
   

Heart Dysfunction

1. Are all fats the same?
   
   
   

2. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
   
   
   
   
   

3. Why are unsaturated fats considered healthier than saturated ones?
   
   
   
   

4. What is cholesterol?
   
   
   

5. What are so many food advertised as non-fat and cholesterol-free?
   
   
   

6. What are LDL and HDL?
   
   
   

7. How are LDL, HDL and cholesterol related to heart disease?
   
   
   
   

8. How is DNA analyzed? *Process of electrophoresis
   
   
   

9. Can genetic disease or disorders be diagnosed using a small blood or saliva from a patient?
   
   
   

10. Why are DNA tests on TV and movies show as patterns of stripes and bands on film or in gels? What is gel electrophoresis and how are the result interpreted?
    
    
    
    

**Infection
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1. What are bacteria?
   
   
   

2. How do bacteria differ from on another? How do scientist and doctors tell one bacteria from another?
   
   
   
   

3. Do all bacteria cause disease?
   
   
   
   

4. What is the size of bacteria compared to the size of a human cell?
   
   
   

5. If bacteria are living cells, how do they reproduce?
   
   
   

6. How are bacterial infections treated? Can the same treatment be used for all bacteria?
   
   
   
   

7. What is antibiotic resistance, and why is it  a major health problem today?
   
   
   

8. What is a virus?
   
   
   
   

9. How are viruses different from bacteria?
   
   
   
   
   

10. How do viruses reproduce and cause disease?
    
    
    
    
    

11. Why do human, cats, dogs and birds all get different viral infections?
    
    
    
    
    
    

12. Why do epidemics of disease caused by newly discovered viruses still occur?