AHS Chapter 14 - 15

Acetaminophen

analgesic that reduces pain and fever but foes not relieve inflammation

Acupuncture

Traditional Chinese medical practice using very thin acupuncture needles inserted into specific points of the body to restore the flow of qui

kentonuria

the presence of ketones in urine

laparscopy

visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of laparoscope

lithotomy position

an examination position in which the patient is lying on the back, face up, with the feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups

magnetic resonance imaging

imaging technique that uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body

Ophthalmoscope

an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye

otoscope

an instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane

palliative

substance that eases the pain or severity of a disease but does not cure it

parenteral

taken into the body or administered in a manner other than through the digestive tract

percussion

diagnostic procedure designed to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced by tapping the surface with the fingers

perfusion

the flow of blood through an organ

pericardiocentesis

puncture of the pericardial sac for the purpose of removing fluid

phlebotomy

puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood

placebo

an inactive substance such as a sugar pill or liquid that is administered only got its suggestive affects

positron emission tomography

imaging technique that combines computed tomography with radionuclide tracers. usually inserted into the vein, to produce enhanced images of the selected body organ or areas

prone position

A position in which a patient lies face down on their abdomen

proteinuria

presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine

pyruria

presence of pus in the urine

radiolucent

substance, such as air or nitrogen gas, allows x-rays to pass through and appear black or dark gray on the resulting film

radiopaque

substance that does not allow x-rays to pass through and appear white or light gray on the resulting film

rales

abnormal crackle like lung sounds heard through a stethoscope during inspiration (breathing in)

recumbent

any position in which the patient is lying down

rhonchi

a coarse, rattling sound somewhat like snoring, usually caused bu secretion in the bronchial airways

sims position

examination in which the patient id lying on the right side with right knee and thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back

single photon emission computed tomography

type of nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer reconstructed images showing perfusion through tissues and organs

speculum

instrument used to enlarge the openining of any canal or cavity to faciliates inspection of its interior

sphygmomanometer

instrument used to measure the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries

stethoscope

instrument used to listen ot ehe sound within the body

stridor

abnormal, high pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx

subcutaneous injection

administration of medication by injection into the fatty layer just below the skin

transdermal

administration of medication through the unbroken skin so that it is absorbed continuously to produce systemic effects

transesophageal echocardiography

ultrasound imaging technique that is performed from the inside of the esophagus to evaluate heart structures

ultrasonography

imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of sound waves pulses that are above range of human hearing also known as ultrasound

urinalysis

examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements

centesis

diagnostic producer involving the removal of bodily fluids

Albumin/o

albumin, protein

calc/i

calcium, line, the heel

flour/o

glowing

glycos/o

glucose. sugar

lapar/o

abdomen, abdominal wall

Lungu/o

tongue

otomy

cutting, sergical incision

pyret/o

fever

radi/o

radiation, x-rays

scope

instrument for visual examination

scopy

visual examination

son/o

sound

ultra

beyond

cervic/o

cervix

colp/o

vagina

-gravida

pregnant

gynec/o

woman, female

hyster/o

uterus

mast/o

breast

men/o

menstruation, menses

orchid/o

testicles

ov/o

egg, ovum

ovari/o

ovary

-para

to give birth

-pexy

surgical fixation

salping/o

fallopian tube

test/i

testicle, testis

vagin/o

vagina

abruptio placentae

a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus.

Amenorrhea

an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more.

amniocentesis

surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders.

andropause

marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone; the gradual hormonal change usually begins when a man is in his 40s, and can cause low energy, depression, a reduction in muscle mass, and difficulty sleeping or concentrating.

Apgar score

“a scale of 1 to 10 to evaluate a newborn infant’s physical status at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.”

azoospermia

the absence of sperm in the semen.

cervical dysplasia

the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix.

cervicitis

inflammation of the cervix

chlamydia

a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chorionic villus sampling

examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy.

colostrum

specialized form of breast milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies that the newborn can digest; produced by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and during the first few days after giving birth.

colporraphy

surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina.

colposcopy

direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix, vagina, and vulva.

dysmenorrhea

pain caused by uterine contractions during a menstrual period.

eclampsia

a serious condition characterized by seizures and coma that can develop during or after pregnancy from uncontrolled preeclampsia.

ectopic pregnancy

a dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus.

endometriosis

a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity.

epididymitis

inflammation of the epididymis.

episiotomy

a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal.

fibroadenoma

a round, rubbery, firm mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast.

galactorrhea

the production of breast milk in women who are not breast feeding.

gonorrhea

a highly contagious sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae

hematospermia

the presence of blood In the semen.

hydrocele

a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles.

hypomenorrhea

an unusually small amount of menstrual fluid during a shortened menstrual period.

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

hysterosalpingography

an x-ray examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

hysteroscopy

the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes.

lactation

the process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts as nourishment for the infant.

leukorrhea

a whitish mucous discharge from the uterus and vagina.

mastalgia

pain in the breast

mastoplexy

elective surgery to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position.

menarche

beginning of menstration

menometrorrhagianeona

excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals.

neonate

the newborn infant is known as a neonate during the first 4 weeks after birth.

nullipara

a woman who has never borne a viable child.