Cardiopulm Quick Value Recall

Normal ABI Value

1-1.40

ABI for Severe disease and at risk for critical limb ischemia

<.5

Normal WBC count

5000-10000

Prothrombin Time (PT)

11-12.5s

Normal PaCO2 value

35-45 mmHg

Normal Hemoglobin Values

M: 14-18 g/dL

F: 12-16 g/dL

Elevated BP

120-129/<80

Stage 1 HTN

130-139 OR 80-89

Stage 2 HTN

At least 140/ at least 90

HTN Crisis

>180 and/or >120. [

Initial Changes in altitude

HR, BP, & CO - Increase

SV - No Change

Acclimatized changes to Altitude

HR - inc

BP & Co - normal

SV - Decreases

Aquatic therapy impacts on CV

HR, BP, VO2 - decrease

CO & SV - Increase

Aortic Auscultation Landmarks

2nd IC, R sternal boarder

Pulmonic Valve Ausculataion Landmark

2nd IC, L Sternal Border

Tricuspid Auscultation

4th ICS, L sternal

Mitral Auscultation

5th ICS, L MidClavicular

Valves involved in S1 (Lub)

Bicuspid and Tricuspid

Valves involved in S2 (Dub)

Aortic and Pulmonic

Where is S1 loudest

Apex of the heart

Where can you hear S1 & S2 equally

Erb’s Point - 3rd ICS, R Sternum

End Diastolic Volume is…

Preload (and inc SV)

Mean Arterial Pressure is…

After load and dec SV

Formula for CO

HR x SV

CI for compression therapy

ABI <.8 in involved extremity

Signs of cellulitis or infection

Systemic arterial pressure < 80mmHg

Uncontrolled HF

Conditions that are CI for cardiac Rehab

Unstable angina, high grade arrhythmia, decompensated HF, active thromboembolic disease

Adverse responses to IPR exercise

Diastolic BP >110

Systolic decrease >10

Ventricular or atrial dysrythmias w/o S/S

2nd or 3rd degree heart block

METs used at Rest

3.5 mL/kg

At what MET level does it start improving endurance?

technically at 3-4 if you stay at target HR

For SURE at 5-6

Left Sided HF characteristics

Edema, pulmonary congestion, Low CO

Hallmark signs of RSHF

Jugular vein distention and peripheral edema

S/S of RSHF - pulmonary congestion

Weight gain, dependent edema, ascities, liver enlargement

S/S LSHF- pulmonary congestion

Dry cough, orthopnea,PND, rakes & wheezing

RSHF S/S low CO

Anorexia, nausea, bloating, cyanosis, JVD, s3 sounds, murmurs

LSHF S/S of low CO

hypotension, tachycardia, dizzy, irritability/confusion enlarged heart, mitral regurgitation

Most common adverse lung sound heard in CHF?

Crackles

FEV1/FVC for ALL GOLD stages

<70%

GOLD 1 - Mild COPD

>/= 80% predicted FEV1

With or without production of cough or sputum

GOLD 2 - Moderate

50% - 80% FEV1

SOB w/ exertion, with or without cough or sputum

GOLD 3 - Severe

30%-50% FEV1 predicted

Inc SOB w exertion w/ dec exercise capacity

Fatigue and repeated exacerbation

Approx total lung capacity

6,000 mL

Approx vital capacity

4,800 mL

Varies with age and size

Normal total volume

500mL

Which is the softest lung sound

Vesicular

Which lung sound is heard over most of the lung field ?

Vesicular

Where are bronchi-vesicular sounds heard?

Between 1st & 2nd intercostal space and between the scapulae

Rhonchi sound like what and are indicative of which pathologies?

Snoring (low pitched rattling) & obstructive (COPD, PNU, CF)

What do wheezes sound like, when are the heard and what do they indicate

A whistling sound heard on exhalation caused by airway obstruction

What do crackles sound like and when are they heard

Popping lung sounds that can be heard in both phases

Which heart sound is typically heard in CHF?

S3 - ventricular gallop

Normal pH

7.35-7.45

Alkaline pH

> 7.45

Acidic pH

<7.35

Normal PaCO2

35-45

Acid PaCO2

>45

Alkaline PaCO2

<35

Normal HCO3

22-26

Alkaline HCO3

>26

Acidic HCO3

<22

Decreased pH & increased PaCO2

Respiratory acidosis

Increased pH and decreased PaCO2

Respiratory alkalosis

Decreased pH and Decreased HCO3

Metabolic acidosis

Increased pH and Increased HCO3

Metabolic alkalosis

Normal infant HR

120

Normal infant BP

75/50

Main Pacemaker of the heart and BPM

SA node & 60-100 BPM

AV Node BPM

40-60 BPM

Purkinje Fibers BPM

20-40 BPM

Normal newborn RR

30-40 breaths per min

What does an ABI of >1.4 mean

Non- compliant arteries