1.1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

What is human anatomy?

The scientific study of the body's structures.

What are two ways body structures can be observed?

Through microscopes (for small structures) and directly (for larger structures).

What is the origin of the word "anatomy"?

It comes from a Greek root meaning "to cut apart."

How was human anatomy first studied?

By observing the exterior of the body and injuries.

What is dissection?

Where is dissection still used today?

In medical schools, anatomy courses, and pathology labs.

How are internal structures in living people observed today?

Through imaging techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs.

What is gross anatomy?

The study of large body structures visible without magnification; also called macroscopic anatomy

What does “macro-” mean?

Large

What is microscopic anatomy?

The study of body structures that can only be seen with magnification.

What does “micro-” mean?

Small

What is cytology?

The study of cells.

What is histology?

The study of tissues.

What has improved anatomists' ability to observe smaller structures?

Advancements in microscope technology.

What are the two general approaches to studying the body’s structures?

Regional anatomy and systemic anatomy.

What is regional anatomy?

The study of the interrelationships of all structures in a specific body region.

Give an example of a body region studied in regional anatomy.

The abdomen

Why is regional anatomy important?

It helps us understand how muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and other structures work together in a specific region.

What is systemic anatomy?

The study of structures that make up a specific body system.

What is a body system in the context of systemic anatomy?

A group of structures that work together to perform a specific function.

Give an example of systemic anatomy.

Studying all the skeletal muscles in the muscular system.