anatomy midterm

part one for now

levels of organization

atom, molecule, organelles, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

anatomical position

body stands erect, palms forward

what are the two major body cavities?

dorsal and ventral cavities

what are the two dorsal cavities?

brain (cranial) and spinal cord

what major ventral body cavity is the mediastinum found in?

thoracic cavity

what major ventral cavity is the pelvic cavity found in?

abdominopelvic cavity

what are the subdivisions of the thoracic cavity?

mediastinum and the pleural cavity

what muscle separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity?

diaphragm

what organ is found in the pleural cavity?

lungs

what organ is found in the mediastinum?

heart

what organ is found in the thoracic cavity?

lungs or heart

what organ(s) is found in the abdominal cavity?

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, etc

what organ(s) is found in the pelvic cavity?

uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, vagina, etc

what is medial?

the middle of the body

what is lateral?

farther from the middle

what direction is promixal?

closer to the root

what direction is distal?

farther from the root

what is superficial?

closer to the surface

what is distal?

farther from the surface

what direction is cranial?

up

what direction is caudal?

down

what direction is superior?

up

what direction is inferior?

down

what direction is anterior?

front

what direction is posterior?

back

what direction is dorsal?

front

what direction is dorsal?

back

what direction is ipsilateral?

on the same side

what direction is contralateral?

on opposite sides

what direction is proximal?

closest to the median

what direction is distal?

farther from the median

what direction is supine?

lying on your back face up

what direction is prone?

lying on your stomach face down

cephalic

whole head

frontal

forehead

temporal

temples

orbital

eyes

nasal

nose

buccal

cheek

oral

mouth

mandibular

lower jaw

cervical

neck

abdominal

stomach

inguinal

pubic

perineal

between genitals and anus

deltoid

outer shoulder

axillary

armpit

brachial

bicep

antecubital

inner elbow

carpal

wrist

palmar

palm

digital

finger/toes

femoral

thigh

patellar

knee

crural

leg

tarsal

foot

parietal

part of the head

occipital

back of head/neck

scapular

shoulder blades

vertebral

between shoulder blades along spine

thoracic

chest

lumbar

lower back

sacral

butt crack

coccygeal

tailbone

cubital

elbow

antebrachial

inner elbow

gluteal

butt

popliteal

back of knee

plantar

heel

zygomatic

upper cheek

volar

palm

cranial

top of head

supraclavicular

collarbone

naval

belly button

facial

face

pedal

foot

what is the transverse plane?

cuts the body into top and bottom

frontal

divides the body into front and back parts

coronal

divides the body into front and back parts

midsagittal

divides the body into right and left halves

sagittal

divides the body into equal/unequal right and left halves

cardio-

heart

neuro-

nervous

oto-

ear

derm-

skin

myo-

muscle

gastro-

stomach

osteo-

bone

nephro-

kidney

epi-

above

hemo-

blood

homeo-

same

auto-

self

\-itis

disease

\-osis

condition

Name the four abdominal quadrants and provide an organ found in each? 

Left upper- stomach

Left lower- kidney

Right upper- stomach

Right lower- kidney

Which quadrant contains the ascending colon?

left lower

Which quadrant contains the transverse colon?

left upper

which quadrant contains the descending colon?

right upper

What are the 9 abdominal regions? Include one organ that is found in each.

1- right hypochondriac - liver

2- epigastric - liver

3- liver hypochondriac - liver

4- right lumbar - small intestine

5- umbilical - small intestine

6- left lumbar - small intestine

7- right iliac - small intestine

8- hypogastric - small intestine

9- iliac - small intestine