Unit 3 Vocabulary

Catalyst

Substance that decreases activation energy and increases a reaction rate

Enzyme

Protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms

Substrate

Reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts upon

Chemosynthesis

Process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy sorce

Cellular Respiration

Processes of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present

Photosynthesis

Process by which light and energy is converted to chemical energy

Chlorophyll

Light absorbing pigment molecule into photosynthetic organisms

Thylakoid

Membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbs pigments used in the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis

Glycolysis

Anaerobic process in which Glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of Purgative and 2 net ATP are produced

Aerobic

Process that requires oxygen to occour

Anaerobic

Process that does not require oxygen to occour

Fermentation

Anaerobic Process by which ATP is produced by glucose

Lactic Acid

Product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells

Chemical Reaction

Process by which substances change into differnt substance through the braking and formation of chemical bonds

Activation Energy

Energy input necessary to intake a chemical reaction

Endothermic Reaction

Chemical reaction that requires a net input of cells

Exothermic Reacion

Chemical reaction that yields a net release of energy in the form of heat

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

High-Energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use

Adernosine Diphosphate (ADP)

Low energy molecule that can be converted to ATP

Synthesize

Source

Sequence

Assess

Convey

Photo

Tri

Di

Aero

A/An