Transition elements colour changes

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11 Terms

1
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Describe colour changes and write the equation for when little OH- and excess OH- are added to Cu2+

  • Blue solution —> pale blue ppt when little OH- is added

  • No change in excess

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- —> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2]0 + 2H2O

2
New cards

Describe the colour change and write the equations for when little NH3 and excess NH3 are added to Cu2+

  • Little NH3: Blue solution —> pale blue ppt

  • Excess NH3: Pale blue ppt —> Deep blue solution

  • Little NH3 Equation:

    • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 —> [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2]2+ + 2NH4+

  • Excess NH3 equation:

    • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4NH3 —> [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ + 4H2O

3
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Describe the colour changes and write the equations for when Cl- is added to Cu2+

  • Blue solution —> Yellow/green solution

  • [Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- —> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O

4
New cards

Describe colour changes and write the equation for when little OH- and excess OH- are added to Fe2+

  • Little OH- added: Pale green solution —> Green ppt(turns brown in air, oxidises)

  • Excess OH- added: No change from little OH-

  • Little OH- equation:

    • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- —> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2]0 + 2H2O

5
New cards

Describe the colour change and write the equations for when little NH3 and excess NH3 are added to Fe2+

  • Little NH3: Pale green solution —> Green ppt(turns brown in air)

  • Excess NH3: No Change

  • [Fe(H2O)6]2+ + 2NH3 —> [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2]2+ + 2NH4+

6
New cards

Describe colour changes and write the equation for when little OH- and excess OH- are added to Mn2+

  • Little OH-: Pale pink —> Pale brown/pink solution(darkens on sitting)

  • Excess OH-: no change

  • Equation: [Mn(H2O)6]2+ + 2OH- —> [Mn(H2O)4(OH)2]0 + 2H2O

7
New cards

Describe the colour change and write the equations for when little NH3 and excess NH3 are added to Mn2+

  • Little NH3: Pale pink solution—> Pale brown/pink solution(darkens on sitting)

  • Excess NH3: No change

  • Equation: [Mn(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2NH3(aq) —> [Mn(H2O)4(OH)2]2+(s) + 2NH4+

8
New cards

Describe colour changes and write the equation for when little OH- and excess OH- are added to Fe3+

  • Little OH-: Yellow/orange —> Red/Brown/Orange ppt

  • Excess OH-: No change

  • [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- —> [Mn(H2O)3(OH)3]0 + 3H2O

9
New cards

Describe the colour change and write the equations for when little NH3 and excess NH3 are added to Fe3+

  • Little NH3: Yellow/orange solution —> Red/brown/orange ppt

  • Excess NH3: No change

  • [Fe(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 —> [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3]3+ + 3NH4+

10
New cards

Describe colour changes and write the equation for when little OH- and excess OH- are added to Cr3+

Little OH-: Green solution —> Grey/green ppt

Excess OH: Clear Dark green solution

Little OH- Eq: [Cr(H2O)6]3+ + 3OH- —> [Cr(H2O)3(OH)3]0 + 3H2O

Excess OH- Eq: [Cr(H2O)6]0 + 6OH- —> [Cr(OH)6]3- + 6H2O

11
New cards

Describe the colour change and write the equations for when little NH3 and excess NH3 are added to Cr3+

Little NH3: Green solution —> Grey/green ppt

Excess NH3: Grey green ppt —>Clear purple solution

Little NH3 eq: [Cr(H2O)6]3+ + 3NH3 —> [Cr(H2O)3(OH)3]3+ + NH4+

Excess NH3 eq: [Cr(H2O)6]3+ + 6NH3 —> [Cr(NH3)6]3+ + 6H2O

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