Medical Terminology (copy)

Med Term Worksheets #1-#7

\-osis

state or condition of

\-isis

inflammation of

\-ectomy

cutting out, surgical removal

\-otomy

process of incision or cutting into

\-ostomy

artificial surgical opening

\-a/an

lack of, without, not

\-micro

small

\-macro

large

\-mega/megaly

enlargement

\-scopy/scopic

instrument to visually examine

\-graphy/graph

instrument used to record

\-gram

a written record

\-ology/ologist

one who studies, specialist

stomato

mouth

dento

teeth

glosso/linguo

tongue

gingivo

gums

encephalo

brain

gastro

stomach

entero

intestine

colo

colon

procto

anus

hepato

liver

nephro/rene

kidney

orchido

testicle

oophoro

ovary

Hystero/metero

uterus

salpingo

fallopian tubes

dermo

skin

masto/mammo

breast

osteo

bone

cardio

heart

cysto

bladder

rhino

nose

phelb/veno

veins

pheumo/pulmo

lungs

hemo/emia

blood

leuk/o

white

melan/o

black

cyan/o

blue

xantho

red, redness

aden/o

gland

lip/o

fat

my/o

muscle

lymph/o

lymphatic tissue

carcin/o

cancer

osteo

bone

endo

within, inner

peri

around

circum

around

retro

back, behind

epi

upon, over, on

trans

across

intra

within, inside

sub

under, beneath

cardio

heart

brady

slow

tachy

fast

angio

blood, lymph vessels

veno/phleb

vein

\-stasis

slowing down, stopping

\-cyte

cell

hemo/o, -emia

blood

atherosclerosis

the formation of fatty plaques lining blood vessels

myocardial infarction (MI)

the blockage of blood flow resulting in death of heart muscle tissue, heart attack

mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

the flaps of this valve tear away due to disease, the process is called prolapse, “a falling forward”

cardiologist

a physician specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the circulatory system, especially, the heart

mitral valve stenosis

sometimes a valve is abnormally narrow causing partial obstruction constricting flow

ischemia

sometimes the heart muscle is not getting enough blood flow, more importantly, the oxygen the blood carries is insufficient to sustain muscle which has a very high metabolic rate, and oxygen demand. The term loosely means “not quite enough blood”

phlebotomist

the specially trained nurse or technician draws blood for lab tests and may also start IV’s (intravenous fluids)

ECG

a printout recording of the electrical activity of the heart

angina pectoris

a special kind of pain associated with the heart and is distinctive as “crushing, vise-like”, and often accompanied by shortness of breath, fatigue and nausea

arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

abnormal heart rates

hematologist

blood specialist

echocardiography

using ultra high frequency sound waves to form an image of the inside of the heart

cardiac catheterization

a long hollow tube, a catheter, can be threaded into an artery up into the heart. Then material opaque to X-rays can be released into the blood flow through the heart imaging the details of coronary arteries

cephal/o

head

encephal/o

brain

mening/o

meninges

myel/o

marrow

neur/o

nerves, nervous system

dys

bad, difficult

\-cele

hernia, protrusion, swelling

\-pathy

feeling, suffering

\-plasia

complete paralysis

multiple sclerosis (MS)

multiple hard plaques of degeneration of the insulating layer of nerve fibers in the central nervous system. The loss of insulation allows “short circuiting” of nerve impulses

aphasia

loss of speech

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

medical term for a stroke

trans ischemic attack (TIA)

a short period of insufficient blood supply to the brain can have the same signs and symptoms as a stroke such as weakness in an arm, a partial loss of vision, but the problem lasts less than 24 hours

neurologist

a physician specializing in diseases of the brain, nerves, and spinal cord

epilepsy

the Greek word for seizure

electroencephalography (EEG)

an image of the brain’s electrical activity

lumbar puncture (LP)

(Spinal Tap)

introducing a needle between the lower bony vertebrae of our spinal column allows a physician to sample the fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), surrounding the brain and spinal cord

computed tomography (CT)

introducing a radioactive element into the blood can image possible tumors in the brain

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

the patient’s body is placed in a strong magnetic field. Radio pulses affect the resonance or “spin” of atoms in the tissues. A computer analyzes this information to show subtle differences in tissue molecular structure producing very high resolution and better differentiation of soft tissue, such as a tumor within the liver

brain scan

a specialized X-ray machine that takes multiple images of a body area from different angles and has a computer that integrates the multiple images into “slices” of the body

gastro

stomach

hepat/o

liver

chol/e

gall, bile

cyst/o

bladder, sac