The Civil War

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from Chapter 22 on the Civil War, helping students understand the vocabulary related to the conflict.

Emancipation Proclamation

A formal order issued by President Lincoln declaring slaves in all Confederate states to be free.

Total War

A strategy of warfare on the enemy's will to fight and its ability to support an army, involving the destruction of resources.

Anaconda Plan

Union strategy to surround the South by land and sea to cut off trade, ultimately aiming to divide the Confederacy.

Gettysburg Address

A brief speech by President Lincoln that recast the Civil War as a struggle for equality and national unity.

Bull Run

The first major battle of the Civil War, marking a Confederate victory and dispelling hopes in the North for a quick win.

Fort Sumter

The location of the first battle of the Civil War, which marked the beginning of open hostilities.

Border States

Slave states that remained in the Union during the Civil War, including Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri.

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general who commanded the southern forces and is known for his military leadership despite being opposed to slavery.

Ulysses S. Grant

Union General who led the northern army to victory and believed in a strategy of total war.

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and wanted a peace settlement with the Confederacy.

General Sherman

Union general known for his 'March to the Sea,' which devastated Georgia and aimed to destroy the South's will to fight.

Military Draft

A system for requiring citizens to join their country's armed forces, enacted in both the North and South during the war.

Confederate States of America

The new nation formed by seven southern states that seceded from the Union in response to the Civil War.

Abraham Lincoln

The 16th President of the United States who led the nation during the Civil War and worked to preserve the Union.

Fort Wagner

A site of significant battle where the 54th Massachusetts Infantry, composed of African American soldiers, fought bravely.

Vicksburg

A Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River that fell to Union forces, marking a turning point in the war.