Structural Kinesiology

Unit 1

Fetal

Lying on either side with spine flexed, head flexed toward chest, and extremities flexed and drawn toward the torso

Hook Lying

Lying suprine with hips flexed approximately 45 degrees and knees flex approximately 90 degrees with feet flat on the surface. Also known as dorsal recumbent

Lateral Recumbent

Lying on the side (may be right or left), knees and hips may be straight or slightly flexed. also known as lateral decubitus position

Long Sitting

Sitting with legs extended forward, toes pointed; trunk erect, and hands on hips

Prone

Face-downward position of the body; lying on the stomach

Short Sitting

Sitting upright with knees flexed and legs hanging over the edge of the surface

Supine

Face-upward position of the body; lying on the back

Mid-axillary line

A line running vertically down the lateral surface of the body passing through the apex of the axilla (armpit)

Mid-sternal line

A line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the middle of the sternum

Anterior axillary line

A line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the anterior axillary skinfold

Posterior axillary line

A line that is parallel to the mid-axillary line and passes through the posterior axillary skinfold

Mid-clavicular line

A line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the mid-point of the clavicle

Mid-inguinal point

A point midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic symphysis

Scapula line

a line running vertically down the posterior surface of the body passing through the inferior angle of the scapula

Vertebral line

A line running vertically down through the spinous process of the spine

Anterior

In front of or in the front part

Anteroinferior

In front and below

Anterolateral

In front and to the outside

Anteromedial

In front and toward the inner side or midline

Anteroposterior

Relating to both the front and the rear

Anterosuperior

in front and above

Bilateral

Relating to the right and left sides of the body or of a body structure such as right and left extremities

Caudal

Below in relation to another structure; inferior

Caudocephalad

Directionally from tail to head in the long axis of the body

Cephalic

Above in relation to another structure; higher, superior

Cephalocaudal

Directionally from head to tail in the long axis of the body

Contralateral

Pertaining or relating to the opposite side

Deep

Beneath or below the surface; used to describe relative depth or location of muscles or tissue

Dexter

Relating to, or or situated to the right or on the right side of

Distal

Situated away from the center or midline of the body, or away from the point of origin

Dorsal (dorsum)

Relating to the back, being or located near, on, or toward the back, posterior part, or upper surface of; also relating to the top of the foot

Fibular

Relating to the fibular (lateral) side of the knee, leg, ankle, or foot; also referred to as peroneal when specifically referring to the lateral leg

Inferior(infra)

Below in relation to another structure; caudal

Inferolateral

Below and to the outside

Inferomedial

Below and toward the midline or inside

Ipsilateral

On the same side

Lateral

On or to the side; outside, farther from the median or midsaggital plane

Medial

Relating to the middle or center; nearer to the median or midsaggital plane

Median

Relating to, located in, or extending towards the middle; situated in the middle, medial

Palmar

Relating to the palm or volar aspect of the hand

Plantar

Relating to the sole or undersurface of the foot

Posterior

Behind, in back, or in the rear

Posteroinferior

Behind or in back and below

Posterolateral

Behind and to one side, specifically to the outside

Posteromedial

Behind and to the inner side

Posterosuperior

Behind or in the back and above

Proximal

Nearest the trunk or the point of origin

Proximodistal

From the center of the body out toward the distal ends of the appendages

Radial

Relating to the radial (lateral) side of the forearm or hand

Rostral

Near or towards the head, especially the front of the head

Scapular plane

In line with the normal resting position of the scapula as it lies on the posterior rib cage; movements in the scapular plane are in line with the scapular, which is at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees from the frontal plane

Sinister

Relating to, or situated to the left or on the left side of

Superficial

Near the surface; used to describe relative depth or location of muscles or tissue

Superior (supra)

Above in relation to another structure; higher, cephalic

Superolateral

Above and to the outside

Superomedial

Above and toward the midline or inside

Tibial

Relating to the tibial (medial) side of the knee, leg, ankle, or foot

Ulnar

Relating to the ulnar (medial) side of the forearm or hand

Ventral

Relating to the belly or abdomen, on or toward the front, anterior part of

Volar

Relating to palm of the hand or sole of the foot

Anterversion

Abnormal or excessive rotation forward of a structure in the transverse plane, such as femoral anteversion

Kyphosis

Increased curving of the spine outward or backward in the saggital plane

Lordosis

Increased curving of the spine inward or forward in the saggital plane

Recurvatum

Bending backward in the saggital plane, as in knee hyperextension

Retroversion

Abnormal or excessive rotation backward of a structure in the transverse plane, such as femoral retroversion

Scoliosis

Lateral curving of the spine in the frontal plane

Valgus

Outward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint in the frontal plane, as in knock-knees

Varus

Inward angulation of the distal segment of a bone or joint in the frontal plane, as in bowlegs

Forehead

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Cranial (Skull)

Specific Region Name: Frontal

Base of skull

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Cranial (Skull)

Specific Region Name: Occipital

Eye

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Orbital

Ear

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Otic

Nose

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Nasal

Cheek

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Buccal

Mouth

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Oral

Chin

Axial

Region Name: Cephalic

Common Region Name: Head

Subregion: Facial

Specific Region Name: Mental

Posterior Neck

Axial

Region Name: Cervical

Common Region Name: Neck

Specific Region Name: Nuchal

Anterior Neck

Axial

Region Name: Cervical

Common Region Name: Neck

Specific Region Name: Throat

Collar Bone

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Thoracic

Subregion: Thorax

Specific Region Name: Clavicular

Chest

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Thoracic

Subregion: Thorax

Specific Region Name: Pectoral

Breastbone

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Thoracic

Subregion: Thorax

Specific Region Name: Sternal

Ribs

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Thoracic

Subregion: Thorax

Specific Region Name: Costal

Breast

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Thoracic

Subregion: Thorax

Specific Region Name: Mammary

Shoulder blade

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Dorsal

Subregion: Back

Specific Region Name: Scapula

Spinal Column

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Dorsal

Subregion: Back

Specific Region Name: Vertebral

Lower back or loin

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Dorsal

Subregion: Back

Specific Region Name: Lumbar

Abdomen

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Abdominal

Subregion: Abdomen

Specific Region Name: Celiac

Navel

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Abdominal

Subregion: Abdomen

Specific Region Name: Umbilical

Groin

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Inguinal

Genital

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Pubic

Hip

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Coxal

Between hips

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Sacral

Buttock

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Gluteal

Perineum

Axial

Region Name: Trunk

Common Region Name: Pelvic

Subregion: Pelvis

Specific Region Name: Perineal

Point of shoulder

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Subregion: Shoulder

Specific Region Name: Acromial

Deltoid

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Subregion: Shoulder

Specific Region Name: Omus

Armpit

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Subregion: Shoulder

Specific Region Name: Axillary

Arm

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Specific Region Name: Brachial

Point of elbow

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Specific Region Name: Olecranon

Elbow

Appendicular

Region Name: Upper limbs

Specific Region Name: Cubital