(Chapter 7) Urinalysis Study questions

Crenated RBCs are seen in urine that is:

A. Hyposthenuric

B. Hypersthenuric

C. Highly acidic

D. Highly alkaline

B. Hypersthenuric

Differentiation among RBCs, yeast, and oil droplets may be accomplished by all of the following except:

A. Observation of budding in yeast cells

B. Increased refractility of oil droplets

C. Lysis of yeast cells by acetic acid

D. Lysis of RBCs by acetic acid

C. Lysis of yeast cells by acetic acid

A finding of dysmorphic RBCs is indicative of:

A. Glomerular bleeding

B. Renal calculi

C. Traumatic injury

D. Coagulation disorders

A. Glomerular bleeding

Leukocytes that stain pale blue with Sternheimer-Malbin stain and exhibit brownian movement are:

A. Indicative of pyelonephritis

B. Basophils

C. Mononuclear leukocytes

D. Glitter cells

D. Glitter cells

Sometimes mononuclear leukocytes are mistaken for:

A. Yeast cells

B. Squamous epithelial cells

C. Pollen grains

D. Renal tubular cells

D. Renal tubular cells

When pyuria is detected in a urine sediment, the slide should be checked carefully for the presence of:

A. RBCs

B. Bacteria

C. Hyaline casts

D. Mucus

B. Bacteria

Transitional epithelial cells are sloughed from the:

A. Collecting duct

B. Vagina

C. Bladder

D. Proximal convoluted tubule

C. Bladder

The largest cells in the urine sediment are:

A. Squamous epithelial cells

B. Urothelial epithelial cells

C. Cuboidal epithelial cells

D. Columnar epithelial cells

A. Squamous epithelial cells

A squamous epithelial cell that is clinically significant is the:

A. Cuboidal cell

B. Clue cell

C. Caudate cell

D. Columnar cell

B. Clue cell

Forms of transitional epithelial cells include all of the following except:

A. Spherical

B. Caudate

C. Convoluted

D. Polyhedral

C. Convoluted

Increased transitional cells are indicative of:

A. Catheterization

B. Malignancy

C. Pyelonephritis

D. Both A and B

D. Both A and B

A primary characteristic used to identify renal tubular epithelial cells is:

A. Elongated structure

B. Centrally located nucleus

C. Spherical appearance

D. Eccentrically located nucleus

D. Eccentrically located nucleus

After an episode of hemoglobinuria, RTE cells may contain:

A. Bilirubin

B. Hemosiderin granules

C. Porphobilinogen

D. Myoglobin

B. Hemosiderin granules

27. The predecessor of the oval fat body is the:

A. Histiocyte

B. Urothelial cell

C. Monocyte

D. Renal tubular cell

A structure believed to be an oval fat body produced a Maltese cross formation under polarized light but does not stain with Sudan III. The structure:

A. Contains cholesterol

B. Is not an oval fat body

C. Contains neutral fats

D. Is contaminated with immersion oil

A. Contains cholesterol

The finding of yeast cells in the urine is commonly associated with:

A. Cystitis

B. Diabetes mellitus

C. Pyelonephritis

D. Liver disorders

B. Diabetes mellitus

The primary component of urinary mucus is:

A. Bence Jones protein

B. Microalbumin

C. Uromodulin

D. Orthostatic protein

C. Uromodulin

The majority of casts are formed in the:

A. Proximal convoluted tubules

B. Ascending loop of Henle

C. Distal convoluted tubules

D. Collecting duct

C. Distal convoluted tubules

Cylindruria refers to the presence of:

A. Cylindrical renal tubular cells

B. Mucus-resembling casts

C. Hyaline and waxy casts

D. All types of casts

D. All types of casts

A person submitting a urine specimen after a strenuous exercise routine normally can have all of the following in the sediment except:

A. Hyaline casts

B. Granular casts

C. RBC casts

D. WBC casts

D. WBC casts

Before identifying an RBC cast, all of the following should be observed:

A. Free-floating RBCs

B. Intact RBCs in the cast matrix

C. A positive reagent strip blood reaction

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

WBC casts are associated primarily with:

A. Pyelonephritis

B. Cystitis

C. Glomerulonephritis

D. Viral infections

A. Pyelonephritis

The shape of the RTE cell associated with RTE casts is primarily:

A. Elongated

B. Cuboidal

C. Round

D. Columnar

C. Round

When observing RTE casts, the cells are primarily:

A. Embedded in a clear matrix

B. Embedded in a granular matrix

C. Attached to the surface of a matrix

D. Stained by components of the urine filtrate

C. Attached to the surface of a matrix

The presence of fatty casts is associated with:

A. Nephrotic syndrome

B. Crush injuries

C. Diabetes mellitus

D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Nonpathogenic granular casts contain:

A. Cellular lysosomes

B. Degenerated cells

C. Protein aggregates

D. Gram-positive cocci

A. Cellular lysosomes

All of the following are true about waxy casts except they:

A. Represent extreme urine stasis

B. May have a brittle consistency

C. Require staining to be visualized

D. Contain degenerated granules

C. Require staining to be visualized

Observation of broad casts represents:

A. Destruction of tubular walls

B. Dehydration and high fever

C. Formation in the collecting ducts

D. Both A and C

D. Both A and C

All of the following contribute to urinary crystals formation except:

A. Protein concentration

B. pH

C. Solute concentration

D. Temperature

A. Protein concentration

The most valuable initial aid for identifying crystals in a urine specimen is:

A. pH

B. Solubility

C. Staining

D. Polarized microscopy

A. pH

Crystals associated with severe liver disease include all of the following except:

A. Bilirubin

B. Leucine

C. Cystine

D. Tyrosine

C. Cystine

All of the following crystals routinely polarize except:

A. Uric acid

B. Cholesterol

C. Radiographic dye

D. Cystine

D. Cystine

Casts and fibers usually can be differentiated using:

A. Solubility characteristics

B. Patient history

C. Polarized light

D. Fluorescent light

D. Fluorescent light