introduction to human health and disease

steps used in public health approach

Define the problem, identify risk and protective factors, develop and test prevention strategies, and ensure widespread adoption

what has the biggest impact on the health of a population

societal factors

define 3 levels of prevention

primary: avoid development of a disease and remove risk factors

Secondary: early detection treatment and prevent progression

Tertiary: reduce complications of established disease

Occurrence

an incident or event

incidence

number of new cases over a specific period of time

prevalence

total number of cases over a specific period of time

transmission

spread of infection or disease from one individual to another

distribution

frequency and pattern of health events in a population

pathology

study of disease

pathogenesis

development or evolution of a disease

pathophysiology

study of the pathogenesis of disease

etiology

cause or reasons for disease

risk factors

increases the likelihood of a disease

endemic disease

native to a local region

epidemic disease

spread to many people at the same time

pandemic disease

spread to large geographic or the world

normal structural and functional changes in the body

puberty, pregnancy, and increase muscle mass with weight training

what is health

state of physical and mental wellbeing. We exist on a spectrum