Exercise Physiology Exam 1

The metabolic process of converting foodstuffs into a biological usable form of energy is called

bioenergetics

fats stored in muscle and adipose tissue that play an important role as an energy substrate

triglycerides

immediate source of energy for muscular contraction

ATP

simplest and most rapid pathway for producing ATP during exercise

ATP-PC system

2 most important electron carriers in bioenergetic chemical reactions are

NAD and FAD

primary function of Krebs Cycle

Complete the oxidation of carbs, fats, and proteins

aerobic production of ATP occurs in the

mitochondria - called oxidative phosphorylation

rate limiting enzyme in glycolysis

Phosphofructokinase (PFK)

rate limiting enzyme in Krebs Cycle

isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)

process of beta-oxidation involvestrans

a series of reactions converting fatty acids into acetyl-CoA.

A high level of ________ in the muscle fiber would slow glycolysis by inhibiting its rate limiting enzyme.

ATP

triglyercides are compromised of

FFA and glycerol

what is true about glycolysis

breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate or lactate

higher the intensity, greater the contribution of

anaerobic energy production

increase in muscle temp during exercise would

decrease enzyme activity

primary purpose of Krebs cycle is to

complete the oxidation of foodstuffs using NAD and FAD as hydrogen (electron) carriers

what's true about the electron transport chain

harvest energy from electrons moving down a pathway to produce ATP and water

compared to NADH, FADH produces less ATP bc

electron from FADH enter ETC later

bioenergetic pathway that 1st provides ATP for skeletal muscle at the onset of exercise is

ATP-PC

The process of breaking down triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol is called

lipolysis

whats true about VOMaxx

valid measure of cardiovascular fitness

what intensity would rely primarily on carbs as a fuel source

90%

the RER is defined as what

amount of CO2 released and amount of O2 consumed during metabolism

lactate threshold is a good predictor of

distance running performance

carbs are stored in the body as

glycogen

process of converting ADP to ATP by addition of phosphate group

phosphorylation

before fat can be metabolized in muscle cells, must be broken into

5 fatty acids and glycerol

which of the following statements is NOT an accurate description of anaerobic glycolyis

large amount of ATP

process which triglycerides are broken down into glycerol and FFA

lipolysis

amino acids are primary source of energy during sprints T/F

false

endurance trained athletes have oxidative enzyme activities that are somewhat less than those seen in untrained subjects T?F

false

body stores much more energy in fat form than glycogen T/F

yes

final electron acceptor at the end of ETC

oxygen

what a good lipoprotein

HDL

in conversion of pyruvate to acetyl COA _____ ATP are produced

0

recommend daily allowance of protein

.8-1.0g/kg a day

lactate can be reconverted to glycogen and glucose in the

liver

protein intake is recommended for pre-protein meals? T/F

false

esterification is

formation of triglycerides

what muscle fiber contains most mitochondria

slow twitch

in one turn of krebs cycle, how many ATP will be produced both directly and indirectly in the ETC

12

ammonia cleared in human body by converting it to

urea

one 1 turn of the Krebs cycle, we form ___ NAHD

3

whats the gross production of ATP in glycolysis

4

whats the net production of it

2

where does glycolysis take place

sarcoplasm

end product of anaerobic

lactate

end product of aerobic

pyruvate

stored form of glucose in liver and muscle

glycogen

process of converting CHO or fat for storage

gluconeogenesis

carries all transported FFAs

albumin

fast twitch fibers are what

anaerobic w/ explosive movements

slow twitch fibers are what

aerobic w/ fatigue resistence

10 acetyl CoA gives you how many ATP

100