Science Topic 8 Study Guide

Define and give examples of artificial selection

Where humans breed plants or animals to encourage the development of specific desired traits over genetics

Examples dog breeds

What is adaption?

A biological process were organisms change, or adjust to their environment to improve their chances of survival and reproduction

Identify the adaptations that finches on the lapis islands had that helped Darwin develop his theory of natural selection

Darwin noticed the specialized beak size and shapes adapted for specific food sources on different islands which provided key evidence for Darwin’s theory of natural selection

Recall examples of acquired traits (they are not inherited)

Scars, calluses, muscular change from exercise, learned skills, damaged limbs

What are the two abilities necessary for an organism to have high fitness?

1. the ability to survive to reproduction age

2. the ability to reproduce successfully

Define variation and identify examples of variation with a species

A change or different observed among individuals of the same species

Example eyecolor

Define and identify examples of adaptations (behavior or physical changes)

Adaptation is

the process or state of adjusting to new environments or conditions to improve survival

Examples, camel humps stores energy allow, allowing them to travel long distances

Identify homologous structures and give examples between species

A physical feature shared by different species that were inherited from a common ancestor

Example Mammal ear bones