Vocabulary Test - English Lecture Notes

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the provided lecture notes.

nurture

help something develop

scapegoat

publicly blame someone for something bad even though it might not be their fault

over-exploitation

making too much use of a resource

legitimize

seem acceptable that is not fair or honest

empower

give someone more control over their life

assert

act forcefully about something to show you have power

ailing

becoming weaker

heritage

the evidence of the past such as historical sites and objects

mutual

shared by two or more people

indigenous people

people who originally lived in a place

tide up with

connected or related to something

narrative

a story or description of events

prop up

to support or help something continue, especially an economy

financial stagnation

a situation where the economy stops growing

shoulder much of the burden

to take responsibility for most of the problems or difficulties

arising from

originating or resulting from something; caused by a particular source or situation.

eternal

existing or going on forever

torment

extreme or serious pain usually related to mental issues

hereafter

a life that is thought to begin after death

stumbled upon

to find or discover something by chance or accidentally

chambers

a large room that is often used for formal gatherings

subterranean

existing or being present under the surface of the earth

legacy

something good that someone has done that has a positive effect even after death

deploying

to move soldiers into a position where they are ready for action

necropolis

a large place where people were buried in ancient cities

pits

large holes that are dug deep into the ground

commandeered

took control of something, usually for purpose during a war

chariots

two-wheeled open vehicles pulled by horses

high command

the senior leaders of army

waging

beginning and continuing to fight a war or battle

ruthless

determined to get what you want without worrying about others

tomb

a large grave often with a stone structure built into it

stoic

not showing feelings, especially in hard situations

molded

moved and pushed a soft substance to make a shape or figure

distinct

clearly different, different from others

surge

a sudden, short-term spike in level of activity

amplify

make something carry further - louder, clearer or to a wider audience

voice

articulate or convey an opinion, feeling or stance clearly

sharp-suited

stylishly dressed in a neat fashionable or sophisticated way

gritty

showing realism, toughness, or determination, often in harsh conditions

boost

a helpful lift that makes something stronger or better, often by design

flock

gather or move in large numbers towards a particular place or attraction

cunning

showing skill in achieving goals through cleverness or deceit

mercurial

subject to sudden or unpredictable changes in mood or behavior

vengeful

seeking or intending revenge

grit

courage, determination, or resolve in facing difficulty

brooding

showing deep unhappiness or serious thought, often in dark or moody way

compelling

evoking interest, attention, or admiration in a powerful way

icy stare

a fixed, intense look, often conveying strong emotion or focus

formidable

inspiring fear or respect through size, strength, or skill

menace

a threat or danger

pervasive

spread throughout or existing widely across a space, area, or group

stirring

causing strong feelings, excitement, or enthusiasm

anticipated

expected or eagerly awaited

exhilarating

combines feeling of intense happiness and excitement

riveting

extremely interesting – holding your attention completely

staggered

very shocked or surprised

splendid

very good; excellent

awesome

something that evokes a strong feeling of wonder or fear

sublime scenery

a natural feature, like a landscape, or piece of music, writing or art

accelerate

made faster, increased in speed or rate

deteriorate

used to describe something getting progressively worse

mandate

something required by law or rules

comprised

to be made up of; to include

devise

to plan or invent something complex through thought and effort

matured

to grow up or develop

marveled

admired, appreciated and enjoyed

reveled in

got great pleasure from a situation

tampered with

touched and damaged something that you should not be involved with

sparked

became the beginning of something

trekked

hiked, walked through the countryside wearing/carrying the correct equipment

wowed

very impressive

expressed outrage

to publicly show a feeling of strong anger, shock, or indignation

mixed reviews

a situation where some people like a product while others dislike it

flocked to visit

to move in large numbers to see a particular place or person

revel in

to take great pleasure in something

die-off

a sudden and significant decrease in the population of species