Latin America & the Struggle for Freedom

JX 4

High Government Office

Creoles were barred from these positions.

Monroe Doctrine

U.S. policy that protected independent Latin America from European interference.

Simon Bolivar

The “George Washington of South America”

Aztecs and Incas

Two major Indian groups conquered by the Spanish. 

Haiti

Island nation that gained independence in 1804.

Toussaint L’Ouverture?

Former slave who led the revolt in Haiti.

Portugal

Brazil’s “mother country”

Sugar cane

Primary crop of Brazilian plantations in the 1600’s.

Creoles

Class that wanted to rid itself of Spanish control.

José de San Martin Role

Argentine leader who helped free Chile.

Bernardo O'Higgins

Chilean patriot who led a revolt.

José de San Martin Called

The “Protector of Peru”

Peninsulares

People born in Europe, highest class in Spanish Latin-American society

Roman Catholic Church

Religious institution which was an important force in Latin American society

Benito Juarez

First Indian to rule Mexico since the Aztecs.

Two reforms promised in Mexico by Hidalgo.

Abolition of slavery and redistribution of land

Simon Bolivar Called

“The Liberator”

Bolivar dreamed of this, but it didn’t happen.

Union of South American states

Father Miguel Hidalgo

Catholic priest who led the first Mexican revolt (1810).

Father José Maria Morelos

Priest who led a second Mexican revolt.

Jean Jacques Dessalines

Former slave who was the second leader of the revolt in Haiti.

Constitutional monarchy

Type of government established for the independent Brazil.

Pedro ||

Well-educated ruler who brought peace and good government to Brazil.

England

Brazil borrowed money from this country for building projects.

Gran (Great) Colombia

Nation of northern South America ruled by Bolivar.

Three of the present-day countries that were part of Bolivar’s nation.

Colombia, Venezuela, Ec8uador, and Panama