Lab #2 (Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves) + Functions

Cerebrum

Processes conscious thoughts and sensation.

Longitudinal fissure

Central sulcus

Precentral gyrus

Contains the primary MOTOR cortex

Postcentral gyrus

Contains the primary SENSORY cortex

Frontal lobe

Controls voluntary skeletal muscle movement, and is where our intelligent thought comes from.

Lateral sulcus

Parietal lobe

Process general senses

Occipital Lobe

Processes vision

Temporal lobe

Processes hearing and equilibrium

Cerebellum

Monitors and controls proprioception. Which is the awareness of where your body parts are in space and how they are moving.

Olfactory bulb

Transmits OLFACTORY (smell) information to the brain.

Olfactory tract

Transmits OLFACTORTY (smell) information to the brain.

Optic nerve

Transmits VISUAL infromation to the brain.

Optic chiasm

Transmit VISUAL information to the brain.

Corpus callosum

Allows for communication between the left and right brain

Midbrain

Keeps cerebrum in a state of wakefulness (RAS), and controls visual/auditory reflex

Pons

Has areas that control respiration

Medulla Oblongata

Contains the vital control centers for heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure.

Corpora Quadrigemina - superior colliculi

Located in the midbrain and contains reflex centers for vision

Corpora Quadrigemina - Inferior colliculi

Located in the midbrain and contains reflex centers for audition/hearing

Fornix

Contains nerve tracts dealing with olfaction/sense of smell

Mammillary body

Contains centers for feeding and memory

Thalamus

Processes and sends sensory information to the cerebrum

Hypothalamus

regulate hormones

Pineal gland (or Pineal body)

Endocrine gland that secrets the hormone melatonin

Choroid plexus

Produces cerebrospinal fluid

Septum Pellucidum

Cerebral Aqueduct

helps in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid

Fourth Ventricle

A chamber containing cerebrospinal fluid

Lateral Ventricle

A chamber containing cerebrospinal fluid

Pituitary Gland

Major endocrine gland that secretes hormones that control numerous organ system.