Studied by 0 people
Describe the relationship between emotional arousal and the autonomic nervous system
The arousal component of emotion is regulated by the autonomic nervous system's sympathetic (arousing) and parasympathetic (calming) divisions.
Describe how gender can affect understanding emotion
Women are better at reading subtle cues than men and women have greater emotional literacy; also have greater emotional responsiveness (react more emotionally even in their brains)
Seven universal emotions
happiness, sadness, contempt, surprise, fear, disgust, anger
The brain's pathways for emotions
In the two-track brain, sensory input may be routed (a) to the cortex (via the thalamus) for analysis and then transmission to the amygdala; or (b) directly to the amygdala (via the thalamus) for an instant emotional reaction.
How stress relates to the immune system and heart disease
Stress can increase inflammation in your body, which in turn is linked to factors that can harm your heart, such as high blood pressure and lower "good" HDL cholesterol. Chronic stress depressed the immune system = more vulnerable to disease
The link between stress and exercise, social support, and faith communities
Exercise reduces depression symptoms and can increase brain cells in the hippocampus
3 Phases of Seyle's general adaptation syndrome
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
A personalities vs B personalities
A - Competitive, super motivated, verbally aggressive, easily angered
B - easy going, laid back
A is more susceptible to heart attacks and immune system problems
Advantages of aerobic exercise for stress
provides outlet for negative emotions such as depression and anger
makes you feel better about yourself
improves blood flow to your brain helps you study and think
James-Lange Theory
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli (arousal - emotion)
Cannon-Bard Theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion (arousal + emotion)
Schachter-Singer Theory
A theory of emotion that states that both physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal must occur before an emotion is consciously experienced. (arousal + cognitive label - emotion)
Opponent-process theory of emotion
following a strong emotion, an opposing emotion counters the first emotion, lessening the experience of that emotion; on repeated occasions, the opposing emotion becomes stronger (emotion vs. other emotion)
Spillover effect
arousal response to one event spills over into our response to the next event
Highroad emotions
thalamus to brain cortex to amygdala, controlled responses to emotion
Lowroad emotions
from eyes/ears straight to the amygdala
Facial feedback effect
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness
Cannon's fight-or-flight response
Increased heart rate, redistribution of blood to muscles and brain, deepening of respiration, dilation of the pupils, inhibition of gastric secretions, and increase in glucose released from the liver
Sympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
Parasympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy
Hormones involved in stress response
Serotonin - depression
Epinephrine - fear
Norepinephrine - anger
Tend-and befriend response
under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend)
Lymphocytes and macrophages
The cells that are primarily responsible for immunity are
Catharsis
purification that brings emotional relief or renewal
Feel-good, do-good phenomenon
people's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
Optimistic explanatory style
believing negative events are temporary and specific
Pessimistic explanatory style
a tendency to explain bad events that happen in a self-blaming manner, viewing their causes as global and stable
Homeostasis
A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Optimum performance usually comes from moderate arousal (Stress)• The more difficult the task, the "moderate"arousal needs to be less than if the task is easy
Approach-approach conflict
Conflict that results from having to choose between two attractive alternatives
Approach-avoidance conflict
One attractive option but it has negatives also
Avoidance-Avoidance conflict
Conflict that results from having to choose between two distasteful alternatives
Multiple approach-avoidance conflict
A conflict in which one must choose between options that have both many attractive and many negative aspects.
Note
Flashcard