biology- macro-molecules test

monomer

a basic unit

polymer

a combination of monomers to make larger molecules

dehydration synthesis

removing water to build polymers

hydrolysis

addint water to break down polymers

enzyme

a protein that catalyzes by lowering activation energy

substrate

the reactants that binds to the enzyme

activation energy

energy required to start a reaction

a carbohydrate does not…

store energy in plants

lipids are responsible for

long term energy storage in mammals

waxes, oils, and fats are all

lipids

proteins are the building blocks

of the body, hair, muscles, etc

glycogen-

carbs storage in animals

lipids are found in the…

cell membrane bilayer

carbohydrates- :

2H:10

cellulose-

creates plant cell walls

carbohydrates are used for

short term (or quick) energy

lipids are a

2nd source of energy

proteins-

builds/structure hormones

DNA & RNA =

nucleic acids

carbohydrates are a main..

source of energy for cells

organic:

to contain carbon & hydrogen

the area where the substrate attaches to an enzyme;

active site

cellulose is important to

the structural integrity of plant cells, etc

…can denature an enzyme

excessive heat

a substrate is acted on on by an

enzyme

enzymes will make a reaction go..

faster and use less energy

in a chemical reaction, a reactant

binds to an enzyme at the active site

gycerol and fatty acids..

combine to form lipids

protien contains;

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen

glucose (sugar) is an example of

a carbohydrate

protiens can be formed into

amino acids

sucrose is not a

monomer

the word saccride means

sugar

lipid is ..

fat

lock and key hypothesis explains how..

how enzymes are specific to a substrate