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Emergency Medical Responder
basic, initiate care and assist EMTs; police and firefighters
Emergency Medical Technician
basic life support, AED, airway, responsibility for assessment, care and transport
AEMT
ALS, IVs, meds, supergalotis airways
Paramedic
Intubation, pharmacology, cardiac monitoring; most advanced
Established EMS in 1966
Accidental Death & Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society”
DOT
1970s published the first EMT training curriculum; also regulates ambulances
Federal Training
national scope of practice, provides guideelines
State Training
laws regulates EMS operation
Local
medical director provides oversight and support (more day to day)
Physician medical director
authorizes EMTs to provide medical care in field
Medical command
Drs in the hospital, the people we call when with patients on scene
Offline contact
standing orders and protocols; what you can do without a physicians approval
Online contact
physicians directions given over phone or radio
Mobile Integrated Healthcare
A healthcare approach that brings medical services directly to patients' homes, focusing on proactive and preventive care; It aims to improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs
CQI
continuous quality improvement; reviews and performs audits of the EMS system to improve and enhance its functions
HIPAA
health insurance portability and accountability act
Group
your truck (you and your partner)
Team
everyone on the shift; healthcare providers assigned to specific roles and working in coordinated manner
The 3 Ts
Triage, Treatment, Transport
5 elements of a group
Common goal, image of themseelves as group/fam; sense of continuity; shared set of values; different roles within group
PACE
Probe, Alert, Challenge, Emergency
Stages of Decision Making
Prearrival; arrival; during call; after call
Prearrival
already thinking about whats going on before arrival
arrival
still thinking (how to get them out)
during the call
anything immediate, prioritizing what needs to happen
after the call
what ifs, learning from cases, following up with weird cases
Decision Traps
Bias, anchoring, overconfidence
Anchoring
the first piece of information we receive influences our decision-making process, even if it's irrelevant or inaccurate
Infectious
caused by organisms within the body
communicable
spreads from person to person one species to another
direct transmission
bloodborne, pathogens
indirect contact
needle stick (poke yourself)
Airborne transmission
sneezing, coughing
Scene Safety
begin protecting yourself as soon as dispatched, protect self
Stages of grieving
Denial, Anger/hostility, bargaining, depression, acceptance
General adaptation syndrome
alarm response to stress, reaction and resistance, recovery
Acute Stress Reaction
immediate, sudden onset, during stressful situation
Delayed Stress
manifest after stressful events
Cumulative stress
prolonged/excessive stress
Expressed consent
patient acknowledges he/she want to provide care
Informed Consent
permission for treatment given by competent patient after the potential risks, benefits and alternatives to treatment have been explained
Involuntary Consent
forced to go; mentally incapacitated
Implied consent
patient who cannot make decision for themselves (alc included); legal assumption they would want treatment
Putrefaction
decomposition of body and cells
Lividity
blood settling, come to rest where the body is laying
Scope of practice
outlines the care you can provide, defined by the state
Standard of care
type of care expected, manner in which you must act
Duty to act
individual responsibility to provide patient care
negligence
failure to provide same care that someone with similar training would provide
Res ipsa loquitur
cause of injury is by EMT
Negligence per se
conduct of person being sued is alleged
abandonment
unilateral termination of care by EMT without patients consent; making provisions for continuing care
assault
unlawfully placing person in fear of immediate bodily harm (restraints)
battery
unlawful touching a person (care without consent)
false imprisonment
unlawful confinement of a person
defamation
communication of false info that damages reputation of a person
gross negligence
conduct that cause willful or reckless disregard for a duty or standard of care
Base station
transmitter and receiver in a fixed place
mobile radio
installed in vehicle; used for talking to dispatch/medical command
portable radios
on your person, handheld devices
repeated-based system
strengthens signal, sends and receive messages and retransmits to strength signal
simplex radio
push to talk, release to listen
duplex
simultaneous talk-listen
multiplex
utilizes two or more frequencies
FCC
Federal Communication Commission, regulates all radio operatiion in US
standing orders
written documents that have been signed by EMS system’s medical director (outlines specific permissions, directions about patient care)
Power grip
palms up underneath; hands 10 inches apart
wheeled ambulance stretcher
most commonly used device to transport patients
backboard
long, flat board made of rigid rectangular material
basket stretcher
rigid stretcher commonly used in technical and water rescues
diamond carry
carrying technique where one provider is located at head, one at food and two on the sides to support stretcher
direct ground lift
lifting technique used for patients found lying supine with no suspected spine injury
emergency move
the patient is dragged or pulled from a dangerous scene before assessment and care are provided; cannot properly assess patient where you are
extremity lift
used for patient who are supine/sitting with no suspected extremity or spinal injuries f
power lift
lifting technique where EMTs back is held upright with legs bent and patient is lifted when EMT straightens legs to raise upper body and arms
rapid extrication technique
used to move a patient from sitting position in vehicle to backboard in less than 1 min if conditions dont allow for immobilizations
scoop stretcher
designed to be split into two or four sections that can be fitted around a patient who is lying on the ground or relatively flat surface
stair chair
lightweight folding device used to carry a conscious person up and down stairs
nonurgent moves
used when both scene is safe and patient is table; plan the move