Biological molecules (2.3-2.4)

→Reaction

that uses water to break apart subunits.

food molecules

Digested in the alimentary canal are moved around the body using water as a solvent.

→Reaction

that uses water to break apart subunits.

food molecules

Digested in the alimentary canal are moved around the body using water as a solvent.

Biochemistry

: The study of the organic and inorganic molecules that make up living organisms.

organic molecules

All contain carbon and hydrogen atoms; Hydrocarbons.

Metabolism

: Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism.

Enzymes

have active sites where substrate molecules bind for a reaction to take place.

Carbohydrates

are long chains of simple sugars (glucose)

Shape

determines the function of the protein.

Condensation reactions

synthesise protein molecules and water from amino acids.

metabolic reaction

Water is an important part of the cytoplasm and is involved in ensuring can take place in cells.

central carbon

In proteins there are four components attached to a(n) .

excess carbohydrates

Plants store as starch.

source of energy

Harvesting animals store food in bodies as fat as a(n) .

Carbon

Carbohydrates: Organic compounds containing , Hydrogen and Oxygen.

Lipids

: Organic compounds containing chemical elements Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen.

Amino acids

are soluble in water; can be transported in organisms.

→Organic molecules

can be large and show a wide variety of chain and ring structures.

strands of DNA

The bases on each strand form cross links (hydrogen bonds) and form base pairs holding the two in the double helic together.

Excess proteins

are not stored in the body, they are converted into urea in the liver- deamination of amino acids.

Subunits

can be split apart by Hydrolisis.

DNA

contains the instruction for the growth and development of organisims and is made of 2 strands wrapped around eachother forming a double helix.

Antibodies

are proteins produced by WBCs which bind to antigens on the surface of antibodies.

Large molecules

are made from smaller ones.

Simple sugars

are also called monosaccharides; made of one sugar molecule.

enzymes

They are used to make antibodies, , hormones, and plasma proteins.

enzymes

Since are substrate specific the shape of the active site has to match the shape of the molecule.

Biochemistry

The study of the organic and inorganic molecules that make up living organisms

Metabolism

:Sum of all the chemical reactions in an organism

Carbohydrates

Organic compounds containing Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

→The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is 2

1

Sources

rice, wheat, oats, maize barley

Proteins

Organic compounds containing Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen (and sometimes sulphur)

Sources

Milk, eggiwhite, fish, peas, beans and meat

Lipids

Organic compounds containing chemical elements Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

→The ration of hydrogen to oxygen 20

1

Sources

Cream, ghee, oil, nuts, butter, dairy

Nucleotides

individual units of DNA