Cuba Libre, TR, P.I, and The Great War

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the lecture notes on Cuba Libre, TR, P.I, and The Great War.

Jose Marti

Considered the father of Cuban independence.

Manila Bay, PI

Location of the first American victory in the Spanish-American War.

Antonio Maceo

Afro Cuban leader who disagreed with Martí regarding the role of the military in government.

Gen. Valeriano Weyler

Known as the 'Butcher of Cuba,' he implemented a scorched earth policy against the Cuban countryside.

Teller Amendment

Amendment placed into McKinley's war powers resolution stating that the U.S. would not annex Cuba.

T.R.

Asst. Secretary of the Navy who resigned to enlist when war was declared against Spain.

Commodore George Dewey

American naval officer ordered to the Philippines before war was declared.

John Hay

Secretary of State who implemented the Open Door policy, opposing biased trade practices in China.

Liga Filipina

Political group that advocated for peaceful change in the Philippines during the Spanish Colonial period.

Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines

Former Spanish territories annexed by the United States after the Spanish-American War.

Cuban Rebels

Side that was winning the war for Cuban liberation before American involvement in 1898.

Platt Amendment

Amendment written into the Cuban constitution to ensure continued relations with the U.S.

U.S.S Maine

Battleship that was blown up in Havana Harbor on February 15, 1898.

Woodrow Wilson

President who ran for re-election in 1916 under the slogan 'He Kept Us Out of War.'

The Great White Fleet

Moniker given to the U.S. Navy during its world tour under TR's orders.

The Boxer Rebellion

First test case for Hay's Open Door Policy.

14

Wilson's 14 points addressing the creation of a League of Nations.

Andrés Bonifacio

Referred to as 'The Father of the Philippine Revolution.'

Great Britain

Only country that openly supported Hay's Open Door Policy.

Jose Rizal

Author advocating Filipino nationalism through non-violence; known for El Filibusterismo.

Ferdinand de Lesseps

French engineer who started the Panama Canal after constructing the Suez Canal.

Nicaragua

Country where McKinley's canal commission initially recommended constructing a canal.

Boxers or Fists of Righteous Harmony

Chinese student nationalists who laid siege to the embassy compound in Peking.

Colombia

Nation that owned Panama prior to the Panamanian Revolution.

Emilio Aquinaldo

Filipino revolutionary who became the first President of the Philippines.

Roosevelt Corollary

Proactive measure to prevent foreign involvement in the Western Hemisphere, responding to Britain and Germany.

Hay-Herran

Treaty between the U.S. and Colombia for canal construction that was not ratified.

Treaty of Portsmouth

Treaty that ended the Russo-Japanese War and earned TR a Nobel Prize.

Mexico

Country that received the Zimmerman note, a secret cable from Germany.

H.M.S. Lusitania

British ocean liner torpedoed by Germany, increasing U.S. support for war.

Barbed Wire

New technology used in WWI, originally invented for cattle ranching.

Germany

Nation that signed a war guilt clause at Versailles, accepting blame for WWI.

Henry Cabot Lodge

Senator who led the opposition to the Treaty of Versailles.

Nationalism

Idea contributing to the Great War, emphasizing pride in one's homeland.

His wife and mother had died

Why T.R. noted an 'X' in his diary on Valentine's Day 1884.

New York Legislator, Civil Service Commissioner, New York Chief of Police

Three government positions T.R. held before being Assistant Secretary of the Navy.

Jacob Riis

Muckraker T.R. toured Manhattan's lower east side with to understand poverty.

Ludendorf and Hindenburg

German Field Marshals who advised the Weimar Government to withdraw from the war.

Chlorine Gas, Maxim Machine Gun, Mustard Gas

Three technological innovations in weaponry that caused devastation during the Great War.

Meusse-Argonne

Battle during the Great War where American servicemen fought at the front.

Trench Warfare

Type of warfare fought during the Great War, adopted out of necessity.

Revolution

Reason Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicated and fled in 1918.

Col. Leonard Wood

Original leader of the Rough Riders promoted to General, leaving command to T.R.

Tampa

Florida city from which American Expeditionary forces launched during the war with Spain.

Gen. John Pershing

Blackjack general who led the American Expeditionary forces during the Great War.

Bolshevik Revolution

Event leading Russia to leave the Great War early.

Gavrilo Princip

Sixteen-year-old whose actions sparked the Great War.

Great Britain, France, Russia

Members of the Triple Entente.

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey)

Members of the Triple Alliance at the end of the Great War.

Verdun, Somme, Marne

Three battles occurring during the Great War.

Self-determination of peoples, Freedom of the Seas, Replace War with Arbitration

Three of Wilson's 14 points not including the League of Nations.

Georges Clemenceau

French Premier who advocated for a peace of retribution at Versailles.

Present day Texas, California, New Mexico, Arizona

Territory promised by German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman in the Zimmerman Note.

Brest-Litvosk

Treaty signing ending Russia's involvement in the Great War, giving up territory.

Phase II

Phase of the Filipino Insurrection that devolved into guerrilla-style warfare.