Memory Lecture Review

These flashcards encompass key vocabulary terms and concepts related to memory, consolidation, and the effects of sleep on learning processes.

Consolidation

Strengthening of a memory trace, integrating new information with old information.

Forgetting

Information loss from memory.

Memory Traces

Changes in the neural representation of memories over time.

Hippocampus

A brain structure critical for the formation of new declarative memories.

Anterograde Amnesia

Inability to form new memories after a specific event.

Retrograde Amnesia

Inability to recall memories that were formed before a specific event.

Clive Wearing

A patient who suffers from severe anterograde and retrograde amnesia due to brain damage.

Procedural Memory

Type of memory responsible for knowing how to do things, such as skills.

Synaptic Consolidation

Changes in synaptic firing that stabilize memories within hours.

Systematic Consolidation

Gradual shift of memory reliance from the hippocampus to the neocortex.

Temporal Gradient in Retrograde Amnesia

Phenomenon where recently formed memories are recalled less well than older memories.

Sleep and Memory

The process by which sleep aids in memory consolidation and protection from interference.

Active Consolidation Hypothesis

The theory that sleep is directly involved in stabilizing memories.

Passive Protection Hypothesis

The theory that sleep protects memories from interference.

Complementary Learning Systems Model

A model that suggests two systems for learning: fast episodic and slow semantic.

Catastrophic Interference

A phenomenon where new information interferes with the retention of old information.

Sleep Deprivation

Reduction in sleep which can significantly impair memory formation and recall.

Declarative Memory Learning Case

A study illustrating how sleep aids in remembering word pairs.

Additional Reading

Suggested literature for deeper understanding of sleep-dependent memory consolidation.