Final Exam Medical Term

which type of fracture occurs as the result of a severe twisting motion

spiral fracture

procedure is performed to affix sagging breasts in more elevated position

mastopexy

an inactive substance administered only for its suggestive effects is called

placebo

the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine

borborygmus

the partial or complete loss of hair that occurs most commonly on the scalp

alopecia

infestation with lice

pediculosis

surgical creation of an opening between the colon and body surface

colostomy

excessive uterine bleeding at both

menomtrorrhagia

degenerative disease of the liver

cirrhosis

precancerous skin growth that occurs on sundamged skin

actinic keratosis

a conditionin whch the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea

astigmatism

sexually transmitted disease is caused by the bacterium chlamydia trachomatis

chlamydia

excessive hunger

polyphagia

sever infection caused by group a strep bacteria

necrotizing fasciitis

abnormally increased muscle function or activity

hyperkinesia

surgically suturing together the divided ends of a tendon

tenorrhaphy

localized balloon like enlargement of an artery

aneurysm

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord

meningitis

abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

​Erythroderma

A hard-tissue sarcoma usually involving the upper shaft of the long bones is called a ____.

osteosarcoma

Which term describes inflammation of the gallbladder?

​cholecystitis

is a surgical puncture of the joint space to remove synovial fluid

Arthrocentesis

Paralysis of all four extremities is known as ____.

quadriplegia

The blockage of a blood vessel by a foreign object circulating in the blood is known as a/an ____.

embolism

A/An ____ is an injury to a joint such as the ankle, knee, or wrist.

sprain

The condition known as ____ is characterized by hypertension, edema, and proteinuria.

preeclampsia

Which condition is caused by insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone?

diabetes insipidus​

Which of the following are also known as cold sores?

herpes labialis​

Which condition is an accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity between layers of the pleural membrane?

empyema

The lack of cortisol causes the condition known as ____.

Addison’s disease​

A/An ____ is a soft, raised, pink or red vascular birthmark.

​capillary hemangioma

is a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight without detectable disease of the eye.

Amblyopia

Which condition is associated with giving aspirin to children suffering from a viral infection?

​Reye’s syndrome

Which term describes an excessive sensitivity to stimuli?

hyperesthesia

Which term describes an abnormal passage between two organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body?

fistula

Which imaging system combines tomography with radionuclide tracers?

​positron emission tomography

The term ____ means abnormally increased carbon dioxide in the blood.

​hypercapnia

Which disorder occurs when the tendons passing through the wrist are chronically overused?

carpal tunnel syndrome

A ____ is the direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina.

colposcopy

Which abnormal condition of the lumbar spine is also known as swayback?

lordosis

Which procedure is also known as a facelift?

rhytidectomy

Which condition is a contagious inflammation of the eardrum?

infectious myringitis

A false personal belief that is maintained despite obvious proof or evidence to the contrary is known as a/an ____.

delusion

Which type of stroke occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked?

​ischemic stroke

Which term describes a woman who has never borne a viable child?

nullipara

____ is one of the two primary thyroid hormones and influences the rate of metabolism.

Thyroxine

Which condition is characterized by binge eating?

​bulimia nervosa

____ is the study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.

Ergonomics

​____ is commonly known as wryneck.

Torticollis

____ is the weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.

Atrophy

Which condition is commonly known as bed-wetting?

​nocturnal enuresis

The procedure for the removal of dirt, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound is known as ____.

debridement

An abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina is known as a ____.

​vesicovaginal fistula

Which condition is commonly known as a heart attack?​

​myocardial infarction

The ____ is the thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges.

​dura mater

The microscopic functional units of each kidney are known as a ____.​

nephron

____ is the condition of having abnormally high concentrations of calcium in the blood.​

Hypercalcemia

​The medical term for itching is ____.​​

pruritus

The term ____ means the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function.

asphyxia

The medical term ____ describes any voice impairment, including hoarseness, weakness, or loss of voice.

dysphonia

____ is the examination technique that uses the examiner’s hands to feel the texture and location of certain body parts.​

​Palpation

​____ is an acute respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by a barking cough and stridor.

Croup

​Which of these sexually transmitted diseases is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum?

syphilis

Low blood pressure that occurs on standing up is known as ____.​

​orthostatic hypotension

A small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites is known as ____.​

rickettsia

​The term ____ describes drooping of the upper eyelid.

ptosis

A/An ____ is an unfavorable response to a prescribed medical treatment.​

​iatrogenic illness

​A ____ is the procedure that frees a kidney from adhesions.

nephrolysis

​Which condition is also commonly known as farsightedness?

hyperopia

​____ is the absence of sperm in the semen.

Azoospermia

A ____ is an abnormal sound or murmur heard during the auscultation of an artery.​

bruit

​A/An ____ is used to enlarge the opening of any body canal or cavity to facilitate the inspection of its interior.

speculum

​Which condition is the abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus?

​placenta previa

​The condition known as ____ is characterized by the abnormal enlargement of the hands and feet.

acromegaly​

The transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all is known as ____.

perimenopause

​The term for radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body is ____.

teletherapy

Which of the following is a sudden and widespread outbreak of disease within a specific area?

epidemic

​The term ____ describes a change in the structure of cells and their orientation to each other.

anaplasia

The specialized form of milk produced by the mammary glands immediately after birth is ____.

colostrum

​Which condition is commonly known as chickenpox?

varicella

​The ____ is also known as the hip socket.

acetabulum

The hormone ____ is secreted by the cells of the pancreatic islets to increase the amount of glucose in the blood.

glucagon

The procedure known as a ____ is also known as a vasectomy reversal.

vasovasostomy

The term ____ describes the absence of urine formation by the kidneys.

anuria

​Which hearing condition is associated with aging?

presbycusis

Which term describes an absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more?​​

amenorrhea

​The medical term for an abnormally rapid heartbeat is ____

tachycardia

Which condition is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk?​

​systemic lupus erythematosus

​The term ____ means lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

​ataxia

____ anemia is characterized by red blood cells that are larger than normal.

Megaloblastic

​Which condition is commonly known as hiccups?

​singultus

​The passage of black and tarlike stools is known as ____.

melena

​The term ____ means any pathologic change or disease in a muscle.

myopathy

​The medical term for heartburn is ____.

pyrosis

The term ____ means an injection made into the middle layers of the skin.

intradermal

The examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements is known as ____.​

urinalysis

​A painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is not accompanied by sexual excitement is known as ____.

priapism

Which condition is the loss of transparency of the lens of the eye?​

cataract

A/An ____ is a band of fibrous tissues that holds structures together abnormally.​​

adhesion

Which term means enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus?​

​esophageal varices