Human Geography - Exam 1 (Extended)

Remote Sensing

observing Earth from afar (drone, plane, satellite), recording data

What is Laura Godoy’s 5 themes of Geography

Place, Region, Location, Movement, and Human Environment

Cartography

The science of map making

What 3 ways the ratio of map units to land units is shown

Fraction, Verbal, and Graphic

Projection

Scientific method of transferring locations on Earth’s spherical
surface to a flat map

Longitude

What is the basis for calculating time

The Cultural Landscape

cultural features such as language, religion, economic
structure, agriculture and physical features such as climate & terrain.

Formal region

1 or more distinctive characteristics present throughout area

Functional region

distinctive characteristic strongest at center, fades farther
away

Post-structuralist

the powerful in a society dominate less powerful

Structuralist

Focus on Uneven Development or differing economic conditions in core & periphery

Hearth

place of origin of an innovation or trait

Diffusion

process of something spreading from place to place

What is Earth’s four physical systems or spheres?

 Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere, and Biosphere 

Cultural Ecology

study of human-environment interactions

Environmental Determinism

The environment “causes” human culture

Possibilism

The environment sets some limits, but people can adapt to it

What are the major population clusters on Earth 

East Asia

South Asia

Europe

Southeast Asia 

How is Arithmetic density measured?

people/land area

How is Physiological density measured?

people/arable land

How is Agricultural density measured?

farmers/arable land

Epidemiologic Transition

Characterizes health threats at each stage of demographic transition

What are the stages of Epidemiologic Transition

Stage 1: Pestilence and Famine
Stage 2: Receding Pandemics

Stage 3: Degenerative Diseases
Stage 4: Delayed Degenerative

Stage 5: infections & parasitic diseases re-emerge

What are the lowest rates of Family Planning found in

Sub-Saharan Africa

What are the highest rates of Family Planning found in

China

emigration

moving from a location

immigration

moving to a location

net migration

immigration minus emigration

International migration

movement between 2 countries

Migration transition

migration patterns change w/ demographic transition

Internal migration

movement within one country

Interregional

movement from one region to a different one

Intraregional

movement within one region

Political/Cultural push

fleeing violent conflict/persecution
– refugees, internally displaced persons, asylum seekers

Environmental push

floods, droughts

Pull factors

better cultural, environmental conditions

Remittances

payments sent home by migrants

receive the largest total value of remittances

India & China

the largest sources of remittances

US & Saudi Arabia

Popular Culture

large, heterogeneous groups, widespread

Terroir

influence of a location’s physical features on the taste of food

what is the meat-to-grain ratio

10:1

Cultural Homogenization

spread of popular culture that results in the loss of localized folk culture