MEDICAL TERMS

Abduction

Abduction

movement of a body par away from the bodies midline

Acute

sudden onset and short duration

Atrophy

decrease in size; wasting away due to lack of nutrition or nerves

Bandage

a strip of cloth or other material used to hold a dressing in place

Contusion

a bruise

Distal

farthest away from the point of reference or midline of the body

Ecchymosis

skin discoloration due to hemorage

Hemoglobin

oxygen carrying pigment of red blood cells

Hypoxia

lack of adequate amount of oxygen

Ligament

connective tissue with no contractile qualities that connects bone to bone and acts as a support against excessive joint motion

Lateral

point of reference away from the sagittal midline of the body

Sprain

a stretch or tear of a ligament

Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image and aversion to eating

Assumption of Risk

an individual, through expressed or implied agreement, assume that some risk or danger will be involved in a particular undertaking

Chronic

long onset and long duration

Dorsiflexion

bending toward the dorsum or rear, opposite of plantar flection

Edema

swelling; collection of fluid as a result

Hemophilia

a hereditary blood disease in which coagulation is greatly prolonged

Kyphosis

exaggeration on the normal curve of the thoracic spine

Laceration

a rough, jagged tear in the skin

Negligence

failure to use ordinary or reasonable care of preform a standard, necessary action

Palpate

use hands or fingers to examine

Quadriplegia

paralysis affecting all 4 limbs

Strain

a stretch or tear of a muscle

tendon

connective tissue that attaches bone to muscle; more elastic than ligaments but not contractile

Superior

point of reference towards the top or above another

Spasm

a sudden and involuntary muscle contraction

Proximal

nearest to the point of reference

Prone

refers to a position this te anterior side facing down; laying on stomach

Pneumothorax

a collapse of a lung due to air in the pleural cavity

Periosteum

fibrous covering of the bone

Neuroma

a tumor formed of nerve tissue

Lordosis

abnormal exaggerated curve of the lumbar spine

Medial

point of reference closest to the sagittal midline of the body

Isometric

describes contraction with NO change in muscle length

Hypertension

high blood pressure; abnormally high tension

adduction

movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

asymmetry

lack of symmetry, a noted difference on one side of the body

bursa

a fibrous sac acting as a protective cusion between certian tendons and bone, allowing smooth movement during muscle pattern

diaphragm

a musclomembranous wall separating the abdomen from the thoracic cavity

fiscia

fibrous membrane that covers , supports and seperates muscles

hemorrhage

discharge of blood

interosseous membrane

connective tissue membrane between 2 parallel bones

necrosis

death of tissue

pathology

study of the nature and cause of disease

rotation

turning around an axis in an angular motion

tendonitis

inflammation of a tendon in a synovial sheath

scoliosis

a lateral curve of the spine

Supinate

movement of palmar or plantar side to face anterior or toward midline

Posterior

toward the back or rear

plyometric

(exercise) used in workouts to maximize the stretch-contract reflex on the muscles, increase speed and agility

paraplegia

paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs

liability

the legal responsibility to preform an act in a reasonable and prudent manner

hemothorax

bloody fluid in the plural cavity

dressing

a material (gauze) applied directly to the wound (held in place by a bandage)

bursitis

inflammation of the bursa, can be acute or chronic

biomechanics

study that applies the laws of mechanics and motion to the living organism and biological tissues

ambulation

moving or walking from place to place

anterior

before or infront of

Avascular Necrosis

death of a tissue or bone due to a lack of blood supply

Abrasion

type of open wound from scraping or rubbing

arthroscopic

describes viewing the interior of a joint utilizing a small camera lense and a non-invasive surgical tehnique

bilateral

pertaining to both sides of a body

conduction

transfer of tempreture thermal energy by direct contact with a medium

isotonic

describes contraction that shortens and lengthens the muscle

concentric contraction

contraction of a muscle by shortening

eccentric contraction

muscle contraction by lengthening of the muscle

hemotoma

blood tumor mass

crepitation

a craching sound herd during the movement of a body part or joint; related to inflammation or fractured bone

heat stroke

disturbance of the tempreture-regulating mechanism of the body caused by overexposure to exessive heat, resulting in fever, hot and dry skin, and rapid pulse, sometimes progressing to delirium and coma

Intravenous

describes a method of administering substances via a vein

plantarflexion

movement in which the fore part of the foot is depressed relative to the ankle

Spica

a figure-8 bracing technique

tenosynovitis

inflammation of the synovial sheath around a tendon

sciatica

inflammatory condition of the sciatic nerve; commonly associated with periphrial nerve root compression

primary assessment

initial first aid evaluation

parestesia

abnormal sensation such as a numbness, prickling, and tingling

orthosis

an appliance or apparatus used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities or to improve function of a movable body part

hypothermia

abnormally low body temp

diastolic blood pressure

the residual pressure when the heart is relaxed

avulsion

tearing away, usually a muscle from bone

apophysis

attachment site of muscle to bone, usually a slightly raised outgrowth of bone

debride

remove dirt and dead tissue from a wound, smooth or clean damaged tissue

circumduct

moving a limb such as arm or hip in a circular motion

amnesia

loss of memory

chondromalacia

a degeneration of a joints articular surface, leading to softening

convection

transfer of thermal energy indirectly through another medium likeair or liquid

conversion

transfer of thermal energy by other forms of energy such as electricity

hypertrophy

the enlargment of a tissue caused by increased cell size

pronate

movement of palmar or plantar side to face posterior or away from the midline

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

stretching technique that involves alternating contraction and passive stretching

supine

a position with the anterior side facing up, laying on ones back

referred pain

pain felt at a point of the body other than the source

nystagmus

constant involuntary movement of the eyeball up and down or back and forth

muscular endurance

ability to preform repetitive muscular contraction against some resistance

muscular strength

max force produced by a muscle during a single contraction

Static Stretching

passively stretching a muscle by placing it in max stretch and maintaining constant stretch

Communicable disease

a disease that is transmitted directly or indirectly from one person to another

Proprioceptors

organs within the body that provide the athlete with an awareness of where the body is in space

Nerve Entrapment

a nerve that is compressed between bone or soft tissue