Intracranial Regulation and Associated Disorders

These flashcards cover key concepts related to intracranial regulation, assessment, and associated conditions for exam preparation.

Intracranial Regulation (ICR)

Mechanisms or conditions that impact intracranial process and function, focusing on conditions affecting the contents of the cranium.

Normal Intracranial Function

Involves the interaction between the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brain stem through a complex communication system.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals that transmit signals across synapses, essential for optimal intracranial regulation.

Blood Brain Barrier

A restrictive barrier that makes it difficult for neurotoxins to pass into the brain.

Cerebral Autoregulation

Allows cerebral circulation to deliver a constant supply of blood despite fluctuations in systemic blood pressure.

Cerebral Edema

Swelling of the brain due to excess fluid, which can increase intracranial pressure.

Atrophy

Reduction in brain size and weight, leading to slowed neurotransmission, not necessarily associated with cognitive impairment.

NIH Stroke Scale

A scale used to assess the severity of a stroke, ranging from no stroke to severe stroke.

Seizure Disorders

Conditions characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the brain, leading to seizures.

Alzheimer's Disease

A degenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior.

Meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Encephalitis

Inflammation of the brain, which can be caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections.

FAST Assessment

A quick assessment tool used to identify signs of a stroke: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, Time to call emergency services.

Primary Injury Prevention

Strategies aimed at preventing injuries before they occur, such as seat belt use and helmet wearing.

Glasgow Coma Scale

A scale used to assess a person's level of consciousness, based on eye, verbal, and motor responses.