Chapter Eight: Treatments for Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

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21 Terms

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new wave cognitive behavioral therapy
use mindfulness training and other cognitive-behavioral techniques to help depressed clients recognize and accept their negative cognitions as streams of thinking and not as guides for behavior
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interpersonal loss
the loss of a loved one
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interpersonal role dispute
two people have different expectations of their relationship and the role each should play
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interpersonal role transition
feeling overwhelmed  by the role changes brought about by major life changes
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Couple Therapy
the approach in which a therapist works with two people who share a long-term relationship
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integrative behavioral couples therapy
combine cognitive-behavioral and sociocultural techniques to teach couples specific communication and problem-solving skills, guide them to recognize their problematic interactions, and steer them to become more acceptive and supportive of each other
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MAO Inhibitors
drugs that slow the bodys production of the enzyme MAO
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SSRIS
increase serotonin activity specifically, without affecting norepinephrine or other neurotransmitters
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selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
increase norepinephrine activity only
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serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
increase both serotonin and norepinephrine activity
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Brain Stimulation
interventions that directly or indirectly stimulate certain areas of the brain
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Electroconvulsive Therapy
a treatment for depression in which electrodes attached to a patients head send an electrical current through the brain, causing a convulsion
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bilateral ECT
one electrode is applied to each side of the forehead, and a current passes through both sides of the brain
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unilateral ECT
the electrodes are placed so that the current passes through only one side
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Vagus Nerve Stimulation
a treatment for depression in which an implanted pulse generator sends regular electrical signals to a persons vagus nerve, which then stimulates the brain
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vagus nerve
the longest nerve in the human body
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
a treatment in which an electromagnetic coil, which is placed on or above a patients head, sends a current into the individuals brain
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Deep Brain Stimulation
a treatment for depression in which a pacemaker powers electrodes that have been implanted in subgenual cingulate, thus stimulating that brain area
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lithium
a metallic element that occurs in nature as a mineral salt and is an effective treatment for bipolar disorders
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mood stabilizing / antibipolar drugs
psychotropic drugs that help stabilize the moods of people suffering from bipolar disorder
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second messengers
chemical changes within a neuron just after the neuron receives a neurotransmitter message and just before it responds