exam one questions

aromatization

converts testosterone to estradiol via the enzyme aromatase

portal blood system

Neurohormones from the hypothalamus reach the anterior pituitary via the BLANK BLANK BLANK

receptors for steriod hormones

found inside the cell (i.e. cytosol or nucleus)

TSH

hormone released by anterior pituitary gland

genome-wide association studies

used to determine the genetic variants that are MAY be related to a disease.

steriod hormones

require carrier proteins for transport through the blood to their target tissue

tropic hormones

hormones of the anterior hypothalamus

autoradiography

immunohistochemistry

used to determine receptor location in the brain

infundibulum

pituitary is connected to the base of the hypothalamus by the BLANK

inhibits

In negative feedback regulation, the production of a hormone BLANK additional hormone production

leydig cells

hormone-producing cells of the testes

tyrosine

Thyroid hormones are derived from the amino acid BLANK

receptor

A single hormone may affect multiple targets throughout the body provided that target has the appropriate BLANK

vasopressin and aldosterone

Two hormones involved in fluid balance and blood pressure regulation are:

…into the circulatory system by glands

hormones are secreted…

androgens

estrogen

progesterone

Males have higher levels of BLANK than females, and females have higher levels of BLANK and BLANK, but all gonadal hormone classes are produced and have effects on both sexes

the testes produced a substance that supported male traits, including behavior

The results of Berthold's classic study determined that:

hormone concentrations

number of hormone receptors

locations of hormone receptors

the response of a hormone is determined in part by:

adrenal medulla

secretes catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

oxytocin

posterior

________ is a hormone of the ________ pituitary that has been implicated in social, reproductive and parental behaviors.

autocrine

paracrine

When hormones act on the same cell they were released from they are acting in a(n) _________ manner and when they act on nearby cells without entering the bloodstream, they are acting in a(n) _________ manner.

steriod hormones are…

…made of cholesterol

insulin

beta

The pancreas produces several hormones that regulate blood sugar. ________ is secreted by the ________ cells and serves to lower blood sugar.

ghrelin

stomach hormone, stimulates feeding and is known as the “hunger” hormone

in-situ hybridization

technique that can measure mRNA for a hormone or hormone receptor

CRH

ACTH

glucocorticoids

In response to stress, the hypothalamus secretes ________ which triggers the release of ________ from the pituitary gland, which then stimulates the release of ________ from the adrenal glands

parathyroid

endocrine gland that is involved in calcium regulation

leptin

hormone that is secreted by adipose cells

sensory systems

CNS
effector systems

hormones may affect behavior by acting on these three systems:

progesterone

testosterone

pregnenolone

prohormones:

corpora lutea

subunit of the ovary that produces progesterone

removed

Hormonally-dependent behavior ought to disappear when the source of the hormone is BLANK

glucocorticoids

sex hormones

mineralcorticoids

adrenal cortex releases:

rapidly

slow

Neurotransmitters affect target cells BLANK; hormone effects are BLANK

pineal gland

endocrine gland that releases melatonin

features of endocrine system

Hormones are secreted to the blood stream

Endocrine glands have a rich blood supply

Endocrine glands are ductless

Hormones can travel in the blood to virtually every cell in the body

protein and peptide hormones exert their effects by:

2. binding their receptors in the cell membrane

3. activating secondary messengers

agonists

mimic the effects of hormones

inhibits

ADH

Alcohol ________ the secretion of _________ from the posterior pituitary which explains why frequent urination occurs when a person consumes alcohol.

epinephrine

example of monoamine hormone

hypothalamus

The ________ serves as the interface between the nervous system and the endocrine system by converting neural signals into hormonal signals.

frank beach

named and defined the field of behavioral endocrinology