Medicinal Chemistry Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts related to organic functional groups, chemical bonding, and their implications in medicinal chemistry, as outlined in the lecture notes.

What are the types of bonding that affect the solubility of organic compounds?

Chemical bonding types include covalent bonding, dipole-dipole interaction, hydrogen bonding, ion-ion bonding, and ion-dipole bonding.

What is the significance of functional groups in medicinal chemistry?

Functional groups are groups of atoms within a molecule that have characteristic behaviors, influencing the molecule's reactivity and solubility.

What are the main properties that influence a drug's physicochemical properties?

Key properties include chemical properties (acid-base properties, chelation, oxidation-reduction), physical properties (water and lipid solubility), and bonding effects.

What types of forces are included under intermolecular forces?

They include dipole-dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and covalent bonds.

How does electronegativity relate to dipole moments?

Electronegativity differences between bonded atoms lead to unequal electron sharing, creating dipole moments that indicate bond polarity.

What characterizes hydrogen bonds compared to van der Waals forces?

Hydrogen bonds are stronger than van der Waals forces, less affected by temperature or distance, and confer hydrophilic character to molecules.

What is the role of ion-dipole bonding in solubility?

Ion-dipole bonding helps dissolve organic compounds in polar solvents like water by allowing charged ions to interact effectively with the dipoles of water.

What is the difference between hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules?

Hydrophilic molecules dissolve in water, while lipophilic molecules dissolve in lipid solvents. This property is crucial for understanding drug solubility and mechanism of action.

What defines a primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol?

A primary alcohol has one carbon chain attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxyl group, while secondary has two and tertiary has three.

What effects do phenols exhibit in terms of acidity and solubility?

Phenols are weak acids, can form salts with strong bases, and show increased water solubility through ion-dipole bonding.