Bio cell membrane/transport

Phospholipid is the structure that makes a __.

bilayer

Phospholipid consists of a head called the __ head and two fatty acid tails.

hydrophilic

The cell membrane is also called_________

double/bi-layer.

The head of a phospholipid goes by many names such as __.

polar, phosphate, hydrophilic, and head.

The tail of a phospholipid goes by many names such as __.

lipid, non-polar, hydrophobic, and fatty acids.

Cholesterol helps maintain the __ of the cell.

structure/flexibility.

The bi-layer is __ which means some things can pass through.

semi permeable.

In order for molecules to move across from inside to outside of the membrane, there needs to be __.

protein channels.

Simple Diffusion is when things trying to move across are small enough to pass in between phospholipids without __.

using energy.

An Aquaporin is a __ used for water molecules to move around the membrane.

water channel.

Passive transport is transportation __ the use of energy and always follows the concentration gradient.

WITHOUT.

Active transport is transportation __ use of energy (ATP).

WITH.

Equilibrium is when the concentration is at an __ balance between the solute and solvent.

equal.

Osmosis is when water diffusion occurs when concentration goes from __ to low concentration.

high.

Solute is the thing being __ in the solvent.

dissolved.

Intracellular is anything __ the cell.

inside.

Extracellular is anything __ the cell.

outside.

Hypertonic is when water moves __ of the cell, potentially resulting in the cell shriveling or drying up.

out.

Hypotonic is when water moves __ the cell, potentially causing it to explode.

into.

Plants cells live in __ environment.

hypotonic.

Animal cells live in __ environment to keep an even equilibrium.

isotonic.

Lysis is when cells __.

break/die.

Facilitated diffusion is when molecules move through __ channels high to low concentration (POLAR)(GLUCOSE INVOLVED)

protein.

In a HYPOTONIC solution, animal cells undergo what process?

cytolysis

In a HYPOTONIC solution, Plant cells undergo what process?

Becomes turgid

If there is more water outside the cell, what happens to it?

Water moves into the cell

If there is more water inside the cell, what happens to the water?

Water moves outside the cell

What is a solute?

The thing being dissolved

What is a solvent

Thing doing the dissolving

Glycolipid

lipids with carbohydrates attatched

Glycoprotein

proteins with one or more sugar molecules attatched

peripheral proteins

membrane proteins that are attached to the surface of the membrane but do not penetrate the bilayer

integral proteins

membrane proteins that are permenantly embedded within the membrane

Endocytosis

Used to get nutrients,macromolecules into the cell that are too large to enter through membrane.

Exocytosis

Macromolecules made in the cell, must exit

phagocytosis

large,solids

pinocytosis

fluids into the cell

Macrophages

White blood cells that eliminate foreign substances by intaking materials

Neutrophils

intake bacteria and other micro organisms

Microglia and astrocytes

cleans brain and spinal cord of debris

Small intestines intake?

nutrients and get rid of bacteria

Sodium and potassium pumps…

Move sodium and potassium ions (against concentration gradient)