Bio cell membrane/transport

Phospholipid is the structure that makes a membrane bilayer

Phospholipid consists of a head called the hydrophilic head and two fatty acid tails

The membrane of a cell membrane is a double/bi-layer

The head of a phospholipid goes by many names such as, (polar,phosphate,hydrophilic, and head)

The tail of a phospholipid goes by many names such as, (lipid,non-polar,hydrophobic, and fatty acids)

Cholesterol helps maintain the structure/flexibility of the cell

There is space between the phospholipids in the bi-layer allowing things to pass through from various channels

The bi-layer is semi perm-able which means somethings can pass through

In order for molecules to move across from inside to outside of the membrane here needs to be protein channels that certain things can move through

Simple Diffusion is when the things trying to move across are small enough to pass in between phospholipids without using energy and is uncharged and non-polar

An Aquaporin is a water channel used for water molecules to move around the membrane

Transport proteins move things around in the membrane

lipids are fatty acids

Passive transport is transportation WITHOUT the use of energy and always follows the concentration gradient

Active transport is transportation WITH use of energy (ATP)

Diffusion is when molecules move through a membrane, high to low concentration

Equilibrium is when the concentration is at an equal balance between the solute and solvent

Osmosis is when water diffusion occurs when concentration goes from high to low concentration

Less solute= more solvent

more solute = less solvent

solute = solvent = equilibrium

Solute is the thing being dissolved in the solvent (salt,sugar,etc)

Solvent is what dissolved the solute (water,etc)

Intracellular is anything inside the cell

Extracellular is anything outside the cell

Isotonic is a balance of water moving in and out of a cell to set equal

Hypertonic is when water moves out of the cell, potentially resulting in the cell shriveling or drying up

Hypotonic is when water moves into the cell, potentially causing it to explode or over-nutrientize the cell

Plants cells/cell membranes live in hypotonic enviornment

Animals cells/cell membranes live in isotonic environment to keep an even equilibrium

Lycis is when cells break/die

Simple diffusion is when molecules move from high to low concentration (NON-POLAR)

Facilitated diffusion is when molecules move through protein channels high to low concentration (POLAR)