Biomed - 1.1.4. Vocab #2

Erythrocytes

Hemoglobin-rich, red blood cells that transport oxygen through a body. Erythrocytes give the red color to vertebrate blood and do not have nuclei.

Leukocytes

One of the many cells in the blood that lack hemoglobin but have a nucleus and are active in the immune response. Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are leukocytes.

Thrombocytes

A minute, colorless, a nucleate disk-like body of mammalian blood that assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and damaged epithelium.

Plasma

The pale yellow, liquid portion of blood that consists of water and dissolved substances, including sugars, lipids, metabolic waste products, amino acids, hormones, and vitamins.

Hemoglobin

A protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen.

Antigens

Anything that stimulates an immune response.

Positive control

In an experiment, the group that the researcher expects to have a positive result, to show that the experimental setup was capable of producing results.

Negative control

In an experiment, the group in which the conditions produce a negative outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences that were not accounted for when the procedure was created.

Hypothesis

A statement predicting the anticipated results of an experiment.

ABO system

A system of four types (A,AB,B,O) which human blood is classified into, based on the presence or absence of certain antigens.

Antibodies

A protein produced by B cells in the blood; works to impair pathogens. Also called immunoglobulin.

Agglutination

The clumping of particles.

Independent Variable

In an experiment, the variable that the researcher intentionally changes to determine its influence on the dependent variable.

Dependent Variable

In an experiment, the variable being measured and whose value is influenced by another variable.

Standard Curve

A graph that plots known values which allows the same properties to be determined for unknown samples by interpolation on the graph.