Lecture 1

Indicate the fallacy

An older lady was asked what the secret to her health was. She said she
drinks a glass of red wine every day. So drinking a glass of red wine everyday
will help you live longer

Anecdotal evidence fallacy-Uses personal stories as proof without solid comparison.

Indicate the fallacy

Children that play more video games are more violent. Therefore video games

make you violent.

Correlation equals causation fallacy-Assumes one thing causes another just because they happen together

There is no evidence that UFOs don’t exist. Therefore, they do exist

no evidence fallacy- Claims something is true just because there’s no proof it’s false.

(I) Income Tax Brackets (e.g. $0 - $19,999, $20,000 - $49,999, $50,000 -

$999,999)

(II) Make of Car (Audi, Ford, Chevy, Kia, Hyundai, etc.)

A (I) Categorical and (II) Categorical- using categories or labels

(I) Stock Price

(II) Job Title (Clerk, Supervisor, Manager, CEO)

C (I) Ratio and (II) Ordinal [ratio true zero & Ordinal- rank/meaningful order]

(I) Student Status (whether or not you’re a student)

(II) Time in check out line at store

(I) Nominal and (II) Ratio [Nominal Level- Categorical data with no order—just names or labels and Ratio- true zero]

Indicate the sampling method.

In a factory producing tv sets, every 100th set produced is inspected

k-in-1 systematic sampling-Select every k-th person from a list (like every 10th person).

Indicate the sampling method.

An airline company randomly choose four flights from a list of all flights taking place that day. All passengers on the selected flights are asked to fill out a survey on a meal satisfaction

Cluster sampling- Randomly choose whole groups (clusters), then survey everyone in those groups.

Indicate the sampling method.

A class of 200 students is numbered 1 to 200 and a table of random digits is used to choose 60 students from the class

random sampling- Everyone has an equal chance of being chosen

Symmetry and Skewness

how a data set is shaped—symmetric if it's balanced, right-skewed if the tail stretches right (high outliers), and left-skewed if the tail stretches left (low outliers).

regression

study the relationship of two or more variables.

Identify the correlation coefficient for the plot below and Interpret it.

-0.661

Consider flipping a coin 2 times. I am interested in getting one head. What

is the sample space?

• HH (head, head)

• HT (head, tail)

• TH (tail, head)

• TT (tail, tail)

these are the possible outcomes when flipping a coin tice.

On a baseball team, nine players are designated as the

starting line up. Before a game, the coach announces the order in

which the nine players will bat. How many different orders are

possible?

9! possible orders

Find the number of ways to listen to 6 different CD’s from a selection of 18 CD’s

P(18,6)= 18!/ (18-6)!