AP Chem Bonds Quiz

What is electronegativity?

The ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons

What is chemical bonding?

Attraction between the positive nucleus of one atom and the negative electrons of another atom

What are the three types of chemical bonds?

Ionic Bonds

Covalent Bonds

Metallic Bonds

What are ionic bonds?

Bonds that involve the transfer of electrons

What are ionic bond usually in?

A metal and a non-metal

What happens in ionic bonds?

Positive cation gives an electron to the negative anion

These very strong bonds create high melting and boiling points

What are the two things that can impact melting points?

Charges on molecules - greater charges on ions create stronger bonds and therefore higher melting points

Size - If two molecules have the same size, the ions that are smaller have a greater attraction and therefore higher melting points

What are covalent bonds?

Bonds that involve the sharing of electrons

What does covalent bonds usually involve?

Two non-metals

What happens in covalent bonds?

Two or more atoms bound covalently to create a molecule

Electrons are only shared within singular molecules

What are the two types of covalent bonds?

Polar and Non polar Covalent bonds

What are polar covalent bonds?

Electrons are shared unequally

What are non-polar bonds?

Electrons are shared equally

What are the first three bonds called in covalent bonds

1st Bond - Sigma Bond

2nd and 3rd - Pi bonds

What is the energy for single bonds?

Long and lowest energy

What is the energy for triple bonds

Short and highest energy

What are metallic bonds?

Bonds between two METALS where electrons are not associated with a single atom or molecule

What happens in metallic bonds?

The positive nucleus and core electrons are stationary

Valence electrons are mobile and float around (makes metal great conductors)

How are alloys formed?

2 metals that are melted into their liquid phases and poured together

What are the two types of alloys?

Interstitial and Substitutional

What are interstitial alloys?

2 atoms of different radii are mixed and the smaller metal occupies the gaps between the atoms of the larger metals

What are substitutional alloys?

2 atoms of similar radii are mixed and the atoms of 1 metal substitute for atoms of another metal