Binocular Depth Cues

Binocular cues

Depth cues that rely on both eyes working together

Monocular depth cue

Depth cue that only requires one eye to perceive depth

Convergence

Depth perception cue based on eye muscle movements

Retinal disparity

Depth perception cue comparing images from both eyes

Direct perception

Theory that perception evolved to help animals interact with their environment

Misinterpreted depth cues

Errors in applying depth perception rules

Ambiguity

Having more than one possible meaning or interpretation

Fiction

Perceiving an object or movement that isn't present in the stimulus

Size constancy

Maintaining original perception of an object's size despite changing visual information

Visual illusion

Misinterpreting visual perception of reality

Texture gradients

Gibson's example of how the real world provides perception information

Color gradients

Gibson's example of visual information for perception

Ecological theory

Direct perception theory that perception aids in interacting with the environment

Affordances

Possibilities for action an object offers, as per Gibson's theory

Direct Perception

Perceiving using sensory information without inference, as per Gibson

Nature

Inherited characteristics and behavior, as per Gibson's theory

Inference

Conclusion based on past experience or knowledge

Motion Parallax

Visual field change with movement, close objects appear to move more

Texture Gradient

Appearance change of texture with distance, closer objects appear detailed

Color Gradient

Brightness change with distance, colors brighter up close and paler far away

Depth Perception

Ability to perceive distance and three-dimensionality

Sensation

Raw data received by senses

Perception

Interpreting and organizing sensory information

Illusions

Misinterpreted perceptions, separate from sensations

Relative Size

Perception cue where larger objects appear closer

Height in Plane

Perception cue where higher objects appear further away

Misinterpretation

Incorrect interpretation of sensory information