Independent Samples t-test Review

A collection of vocabulary flashcards related to the independent samples t-test, including definitions of key terms essential for understanding this statistical analysis.

Independent Samples t-test

A statistical method used to compare the means of two independent groups to determine if there is a significant difference between them.

Null Hypothesis (H0)

The hypothesis that there is no effect or no difference; it is the default assumption that any observed difference is due to sampling error.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1)

The hypothesis that there is an effect or a difference; it contradicts the null hypothesis.

p-value

The probability that the observed results would occur by chance under the null hypothesis; typically compared to a significance level (alpha) to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis.

Significance Level (Alpha)

The threshold for determining whether to reject the null hypothesis, commonly set at 0.05.

Degrees of Freedom

A parameter used in various statistical tests that reflects the number of independent values in the analysis; calculated as the total number of observations minus the number of groups.

Cohen's d

A measure of effect size that indicates the standardized difference between two means.