Positive Psychology Flashcards

Flashcards based on lecture notes covering positive psychology concepts.

What is personalization in explanatory styles?

Attribution to internal vs. external factors.

What is permanence in explanatory styles?

Seeing events as temporary or permanent.

What is pervasiveness in explanatory styles?

Believing effects are specific or widespread.

What are the three components of Snyder's Hope Theory?

1. Goals: Desired outcomes. 2. Pathways Thinking: Strategies to achieve goals. 3. Agency Thinking: Motivation to pursue goals.

What is self-efficacy, and how can it be increased?

Belief in one’s ability to achieve goals. Ways to Increase: Mastery experiences, Social modeling, Social persuasion, Managing psychological states

What are the three types of wisdom?

1. Practical Wisdom: Knowing how to act in specific situations. 2. Philosophical Wisdom: Understanding life’s deeper meanings. 3. Empathetic Wisdom: Compassionate understanding of others.

What is courage?

Acting despite fear, uncertainty, or adversity to achieve moral, social, or personal objectives.

What is the relationship between wisdom and courage?

Wisdom provides the knowledge to discern the right course of action; courage enables its execution despite risks.

What is altruism?

Selfless concern for others’ well-being without personal gain.

What are the three types of courage?

1. Physical Courage: Facing physical harm. 2. Moral Courage: Standing up for what is right. 3. Psychological Courage: Overcoming emotional challenges.

What is gratitude?

Deep appreciation for kindness, blessings, or positive experiences.

What is exoneration in forgiveness?

Fully letting go of resentment.

What is forbearance in forgiveness?

Avoiding retaliation despite lingering resentment.

What is release in forgiveness?

Moving past anger without reconciliation.

What is the secure attachment style?

Comfortable with intimacy.

What is the anxious attachment style?

Craves closeness but fears abandonment.

What is the avoidant attachment style?

Prefers independence, avoids intimacy.

What is the disorganized attachment style?

Displays conflicting behaviors.

How does happiness spread in social connections?

Happiness is contagious, influencing moods, attitudes, and behaviors in social networks.

What are the three components of the Triangular Model of Love?

1. Intimacy: Emotional closeness. 2. Passion: Physical attraction. 3. Commitment: Long-term decision to maintain the relationship.

What is the Self-Expansion Theory of Love?

Relationships enhance personal growth by incorporating aspects of the partner’s identity, skills, and resources.

What are the three gears of influence in social contagion for happiness?

1. Emotional Contagion: Mirroring others’ emotions. 2. Behavioral Influence: Adopting peers’ behaviors. 3. Social Norms: Aligning actions with group expectations.

How has positive psychology changed psychology?

Shifted focus from treating mental illness to enhancing well-being, resilience, and flourishing.

What is the Keyes Model of Mental Health?

Mental health exists on a spectrum from flourishing (high well-being) to languishing (low well-being).

What is post-traumatic growth?

Positive psychological changes from adversity, like increased resilience or renewed purpose.

What is the difference between primary and secondary prevention?

Primary: Preventing problems before they occur (e.g., education). Secondary: Addressing problems early to reduce impact (e.g., screenings).

What is the difference between primary and secondary enhancement?

Primary: Enhancing well-being in everyone (e.g., mindfulness). Secondary: Elevating well-being in those already thriving.

What is toxic positivity?

Overemphasis on positivity while ignoring valid negative emotions and challenges.