AP LIT MIDTERM

TERMINOLOGY: Connotation

An additional meaning that a word, image, or phrase may carry, apart from its literal dictionary definition

TERMINOLOGY: Diction

Word choice or vocabulary

TERMINOLOGY: Denotation

The literal, dictionary meaning of a word

TERMINOLOGY: Metaphor

Figure of speech which states one thing is something else, which literally, is not

TERMINOLOGY: Simile

A figure of speech explicitly comparing two objects or beings using the words like or as

TERMINOLOGY: Analogy

A comparison between two things that helps explain or illustrate one or both of them

TERMINOLOGY: Personification

A figure of speech in which an animal or inanimate object is endowed with human qualities

TERMINOLOGY: Apostrophe

A direct address to an abstract thing (like time); am inanimate object (like wind); am animal; a spirit; or an imaginary absent person

TERMINOLOGY: Apostrophe

Oh homework, why do you exist?

TERMINOLOGY: Rhetorical question

A question asked for stylistic effect and emphasis to make a point rather than to solicit an answer

TERMINOLOGY: Juxtaposition

Placing two things side by side for the sake of comparison or contrast

TERMINOLOGY: Understatement

An ironic figure of speech that deliberately describes something in a way that is less than the true case

TERMINOLOGY: Hyperbole

Deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic/ironic effect. Overstatement to make a point

TERMINOLOGY: Cliché

A phrase or expression that has been repeated so often that it has lost its significance

TERMINOLOGY: Paradox

A statement that seems contradictory but reveals a deeper truth

TERMINOLOGY: Oxymoron

A paradox make up of two seemingly contradictory words

TERMINOLOGY: Parallel structure

The repeated use of similar grammatical structures for the purpose of emphasis

TERMINOLOGY: Antithesis

Words, phrases, clauses, or sentences set in deliberate contrast to one another. It balances contrasting ideas, tones, or structures, usually not heighten the effect of a statement

TERMINOLOGY: Chiasmus

A verbal pattern which occurs when the order of words is reversed in the second half of a parallel expression

TERMINOLOGY: Malapropism

Absurd of humorous misuse of a word, especially by confusion with one of similar sound

TERMINOLOGY: Symbol

A person, place, or thing in narrative that suggests meaning beyond its literal sense

TERMINOLOGY: Didactic attitude

Intended to instruct a specific moral lesson, impart knowledge, or provide a model for proper behavior; can moralize excessively

TERMINOLOGY: Satire

Literary work that uses irony, sarcasm, or ridicule to critique society, an individual, or human weaknesses

TERMINOLOGY: Caricature

Description that exaggerates the peculiarities or defects of persons or things

TERMINOLOGY: Parody

A comic or satiric imitation of a particular literary work or style

TERMINOLOGY: Pathos

Appeal to emotion

TERMINOLOGY: Genre

General category that a literary work falls into, or more subsequently a subset

ERAS: Classical

Refers to ancient Greek and Roman literature, or major important works of any time period

ERAS: Rennaissance

(1300-1500) Rebirth of learning and the time of spiritual growth and faith

ERAS: Enlightenment

(1700s) Characterized by the value of reason and the achievement of perfection by society.

ERAS: Neoclassicism (Age of Reason)

(Late 1600s-1800) The revival of a classical style

ERAS: Gothicism

In literary criticism, works characterized by a taste for the medieval or morbidly attractive.

ERAS: Romanticism

(1900s) Movement that utilized emotion in arts rather than reason. The human is at the center of all, and sensibility is a main ideal.

ERAS: Transcendentalism

Philosophy that emphasized the truth to be found in nature and intuition. Mostly around 1835 and the Civil War.

ERAS: Victorian

Pertaining to the reign of Queen Victoria; smug narrow-mindedness, bourgeois materialism, faith in social progress.

ERAS: Aestheticism

(Late 19th Century) Art to not be mixed with politics, society, or morals. "Art for art's sake".

ERAS: Realism

(19th Century) Set to portray familiar characters or situations in a realistic manner from an objective viewpoint. (Often includes stream of consciousness).

ERAS: Naturalism

The depiction of human figures as they appear in nature and belief that art should adhere as closely as possible to the appearance of the natural world.
The belief that all phenomena can be explained in terms of natural causes.

ERAS: Modernism

A style or movement in the arts that aims to break with classical and traditional forms.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: Personalities of the Bennet family

Mr. Bennet-Sarcastic and Intelligent. Mrs. Bennet-Rude, loud and unintelligent. Jane-Kind, innocent and pretty. Elizabeth- Smart, independent, and prideful. Lydia- Rude and Cunning. Mary- Quiet and weird. Kitty- Gullible and naive.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What is the theme of the novel? How do we know this from the beginning?

The theme is Pride and Prejudice. We know because it's the title of the book.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What is ironic in the emphasis of the first sentence?

It's not the man looking for a wife, but the women looking for a husband.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How does Austen use her characters as dramatic foils? What examples are in the text?

To show that there are different personalities and that they balance each other out. EX: (Darcy and Bingley) (Mr. and Mrs. Bennet) (Jane and Elizabeth )

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How does Austen use her characters as dramatic foils? What examples are in the text and what purpose do they have?

To show that there are different personalities and that they balance each other out. EX: (Darcy and Bingley) (Mr. and Mrs. Bennet) (Jane and Elizabeth )

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How do the 4 main characters' attitudes and introductions foreshadow their coming romances?

Darcy and Elizabeth butt heads almost instantly, and Darcy refused to dance with her/ Their relationship is more like a typical relationship rocky. Bingley and Jane introduce politely, very kind to each other/ their romance is very sweet and strong.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What is Charlotte's opinion of marriage and courtship? What is Elizabeth's opinion of marriage and courtship?

Charlotte wants marries to be comfortable and wants to court as quickly as possible. Elizabeth wants to marry for love and thinks people should take time to court.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What barrier reappears and continues to cloud Mr.Darcy and Elizabeth.

Their Pride and Prejudice.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What is Mr. Wickham's character like?

He is very inviting and outgoing, easily makes friends, but can't keep them. He says bad stuff about Darcy to Elizabeth whom he just met. Austin is trying to show wickham isn't who he said he was.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What are Elizabeth and Jane's greatest foibles? How do these different shortcomings begin to affect the course of the plot?

Elizabeth is quick to judge. She trusts the wrong people and dislikes those who are good people.
Jane is too kind. She sees something good in everyone. She doesn't see anything until its too late.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How does Austen continue to portray Mr. and Mrs. Bennet as inept parents?

They have favorites: Mr. Bennet ignores his daughters and wants nothing to do with them. Mrs. Bennet gives free reign believe in letting her daughters be flirtatious when it isn't appropriate

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What does Mr. Bennet's rationale about Lydia's safety in Brightton reveal about his concern for all his daughters?

He realizes he's made a mistake while raising his daughters. He realizes Elizabeth was right about Lydia's behavior. He decides to change. He needs to control his other daughters better. He tells his daughters, they must behave to go out in public and will allow no men around the house.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: Describe the change in manner and emotion in both Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy since his proposal at Rosings. What has caused these changes?

They become more civil to each other, kinder, more open. Elizabeth realizes she was wrong about Mr. Darcy. Darcy realizes he was being a jerk and needs to be kinder.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: Why is Lydia's elopement such a disgrace for the family?

Shows she didn't have permission and it shows her parents had no control over her.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How does Mr. Bennet's character change in the course of this and the previous chapters?

He realizes he's been a bad parent and decides to change, he realizes with what happened with Lydia he needs to control his daughters.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How is Lady Catherine's visit and intended interference ironic?

It helped Elizabeth understand her feelings for Darcy, even though that wasn't Lady Catherine's intention.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What is ironic in Elizabeth and Jane's refusal thought the novel to treat marriage as merely a business transaction?

They both married the richest men in the area.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: What are Mr. and Mrs. Bennet's opinions on Lydia and Catherine's attitudes? What does this say about Mr. and Mrs. Bennet's own attitudes toward parenting?

Mr. Bennet thought they were stupid and annoying. Mrs. Bennet thought they were sweet and well-behaved. They both have favorites, Mr. Bennet ignores the situation and Mrs. Bennet gives them free reins.

PRIDE & PREJUDICE: How can Lydia's behavior and character begin to foreshadow what may come later in the novel?

She is very flirtatious and doesn't behave, which foreshadows that she will get in trouble and embarrass her family.

GREAT GATSBY: Theme

American Dream, wealth, society and class

GREAT GATSBY: Main characters

Jay Gatsby, Nick Carraway, Daisy Buchanan, Tom Buchanan

GREAT GATSBY: Significance of opening scene

Nick Carraway the narrator goes on telling us the advice his father gave him, from that we learn that Nick isn't a judgmental towards people's life.

GREAT GATSBY: Significance of closing scene

Gatsby is dead along with two others, Tom & Daisy go back to the west and Tom stand there on Gatsby's beach. Realize chasing your dreams at times could just destroy you.

GREAT GATSBY: Symbolism

Color green, East and West egg, Mansion, the billaboard

GREAT GATSBY: Genre

Fiction

GREAT GATSBY: Who wrote "The Great Gatsby?"

F. Scott Fitzgerald

GREAT GATSBY: Setting/Significance

Takes place in Long Island where the area is split between the, "East egg" and the "West egg". The East egg has all the riches and the West egg is less fashionable.

GREAT GATSBY: Adjectives to describe Jay Gatsby

Determined, passionate, obsessed, confident

GREAT GATSBY: Adjectives to describe Nick Carraway

Trustworthy, non judgmental, polite, understanding

GREAT GATSBY: Adjectives to describe Daisy Buchanan

Gold digger, carless

GREAT GATSBY: Adjectives to describe Tom Buchanan

Unfaithful, obnoxious, prideful

GREAT GATSBY: Jay Gatsby

A young wealthy man who has a strong passionate love for Daisy Buchanan

GREAT GATSBY: Nick Carraway

The narrator of the novel, cousin with Daisy and becomes Gatsby neighbor.

GREAT GATSBY: Daisy Buchanan

Wife of Tom Buchanan had a past love with Tom Buchanan

GREAT GATSBY: Tom Buchana

Husband of Daisy Buchanan, a powerful man with tons of demands

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: How does the story begin?

At a wedding where he starts to tell the guests a story

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What holds our wedding guest's attention as he listens to the Ancient Mariner?

His eyes

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What happens to the ship?

Sails south to avoid a storm, and gets trapped in ice

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What does the Ancient Mariner do that he later regrets?

He kills the albatross

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: How does the crew react? (both first and then later on)

They were angry at first but then they were okay with it

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: Who does the Mariner see on the ghost ship?

Death and Life and Death

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What are these two women doing?

Gambling for the lives of the crew. The crew is won by Death while the Mariner is won by Life and Death

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What happens at night?

One by one, the crew dies

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What does the wedding guest begin to her at the beginning of part 4?

That the Mariner is a ghost or spirit, but he is just old

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: As the Mariner continues his story, what does he begin to hate?

The dead man's eye and the sea monster

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: After an unknown amount of time stranded at sea, what does the Mariner do that begins to break the curse?

He sees the beauty of the slimy monster

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: How is the broken curse symbolized?

It starts to rain and the albatross falls off his neck

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What is the first blessing the Mariner receives?

Rain water

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What is the second blessing the Mariner receives?

The spirits of the crew on the ship

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: Where does the Mariner find himself after the spirits carry the ship?

He passes out because the boat was going fast

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: Who sees the ship?

The hermit

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What happens when the ship begins to sink?

He was saved by the pilots boat

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: What is the Mariner's penance?

He has to tell the story

RHYME OF ANCIENT MARINER: what is the moral of the story that we as the readers should learn?

To love all things in creation

FRANKENSTEIN: Tell what Caroline Frankenstein hopes for Elizabeth and Victor's future.

Marriage

FRANKENSTEIN: Summarize Elizabeth's response to Caroline's death.

She takes on the role of caretaker and doesn't get a chance to mourn her death.

FRANKENSTEIN: Deduce what Victor means when he states, "Chance—or rather the evil influence, the Angel of Destruction, which asserted omnipotent sway over me from the moment I turned my reluctant steps from my father's door. . ."

Victor is destined for evil- his destiny was chosen by the Angel of Destruction decide his future.

FRANKENSTEIN: Evaluate Victor's assertion, "In other studies you go as far as others have gone before you, and there is nothing more to know; but in a scientific pursuit there is continual food for discovery and wonder."

Science is always evolving.

FRANKENSTEIN: What specific aspects of biology does Victor study?

Growth and decay of the human body.

FRANKENSTEIN: Explain how Victor thinks that his creation will regard him.

He thinks his creation will be grateful to and appreciative of him, like both a father, and great creator.

FRANKENSTEIN: How does Victor react when his creation comes to life? Explain your feelings about his reaction to his creation. Were you surprised? Why or why not?

He's horrified and disgusted by what he created. It's surprising because he was so passionate about creating the creature. You feel bad for the creature.