HIT 110 Midterm Study Guide

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the HIT 110 midterm study guide, focusing on anatomy, physiology, and medical terminology.

Ganglion

Cluster of nerve cell bodies outside brain/spinal cord or a noncancerous fluid-filled lump near a joint/tendon.

Respir-

Root meaning to breathe (breathe in/out).

General prefixes

Refers to broad, foundational information about a term; changes root in a general way.

Suffix -ia

Indicates a condition.

Suffix -ation

Means a process.

Directional term: superior

Toward the head/upper part of the body.

Directional term: inferior

Toward the feet/lower part of the body.

Cell

Smallest living unit of the body that performs basic functions of life.

Mitochondria

Organelles throughout the cytoplasm that generate energy for the cell.

Laceration

Torn, jagged wound; a deep cut/tear in skin/tissue.

Pruritus

Severe itching which can be localized or widespread.

Xeroderma

Abnormally dry skin.

Cryosurgery

Procedure that destroys abnormal tissue by freezing it.

Diaphysis

Long, central shaft of a long bone that gives it length and strength.

Subluxation

Partial dislocation where joint surfaces shift out of normal alignment.

Suffix -desis

Surgical binding, fusion, fixation.

Calcaneus

The heel bone, supporting body weight during standing/walking.

Orth/o

Root meaning straight, correct, upright.

Myopathy

Disease or disorder of muscles.

Cardioversion

Procedure that restores normal heart rhythm using electrical shock.

Ischemia

Reduced blood flow to tissue, causing low oxygen.

Hemoglobin

Main component of erythrocytes responsible for carrying oxygen.

Lymphatic ducts

Largest lymph vessels in the body, including thoracic duct + right lymphatic duct.

Thrombus

Blood clot forming inside a blood vessel or heart.

Aneurysm

Bulge or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel.

Apnea

Temporary pause in breathing.

Pulmonary edema

Abnormal buildup of fluid inside the lungs, making it hard to breathe.

Bronchospasm

Tightening of muscles surrounding the airways, narrowing them.

Internal respiration

Exchange of gases between blood and body's tissues.