Bone Markings

Projections/Processes

Area of a bone that projects above the bone’s surface

Depressions

Hollow area

Fractures

broken bone

Some types of Projections

Condlye

Crest

Horn

Spine

Head

Some types of Depressions

Fissure

Foramen

Fossa

Groove

Sinus

Opening

Into or within an organ

Some types of Openings

Hiatus

Hilus

Lobe

Lobule

Septum

Know types of fractures and classifications

Closed (simple) Fracture

The bone is broken but does NOT protrude through the skin

Open (Compound) Fracture

The bone is broken and DOES protrude through the skin

Nondisplaced Fracture

The bone breaks but it is still in NORMAL alignment

Displaced Fracture

The bone breaks and is OUT of normal alignment

Compression Fracture

Broken bone that can cause your vertebrae to collapse/shrink

Usually from force

Greenstick Fracture

Incomplete fracture

Bone bends and cracks on one side but doesn’t completely break from the other side

common in children

Transverse

Broken bone at its right angle to the long bone

Spiral/oblique Fracture

Fracture spins around the bone at a 45 degree angle

Comminuted Fracture

A broken bone where the bone is broken into several pieces.

Impacted Fracture

Broken ends of the bone are pushed into each other

Apposition

How fragmented ends make contact with each other